Acanthamoeba in Southeast Asia – Overview and Challenges

Chooseel Bunsuwansakul; Tooba Mahboob; Kruawan Hounkong; Sawanya Laohaprapanon; Sukhuma Chitapornpan; Siriuma Jawjit; Atipat Yasiri; Sahapat Barusrux; Kingkan Bunluepuech; Nongyao Sawangjaroen; Cristina C. Salibay; Chalermpon Kaewjai; Maria de Lourdes Pereira; Veeranoot Nissapatorn

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자료유형: 학술저널

저자정보: Chooseel Bunsuwansakul (Walailak University) Tooba Mahboob (University of Malaya) Kruawan Hounkong (Princess of Naradhiwas University) Sawanya Laohaprapanon (Walailak University) Sukhuma Chitapornpan (University of Phayao) Siriuma Jawjit (Walailak University) Atipat Yasiri (Thammasat University) Sahapat Barusrux (Walailak University) Kingkan Bunluepuech (Walailak University) Nongyao Sawangjaroen (Prince of Songkla University) Cristina C. Salibay (De La Salle University-Dasmarinas) Chalermpon Kaewjai (Rangsit University) Maria de Lourdes Pereira (University of Aveiro) Veeranoot Nissapatorn (Walailak University)

저널정보: 대한기생충학열대의학회 Parasites, Hosts and Diseases The Korean Journal of Parasitology Vol.57 No.4

발행연도: 2019.8

수록면: 341 - 357 (17page)

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Acanthamoeba, one of free-living amoebae (FLA), remains a high risk of direct contact with this protozoan parasite which is ubiquitous in nature and man-made environment. This pathogenic FLA can cause sight-threatening amoebic keratitis (AK) and fatal granulomatous amoebic encephalitis (GAE) though these cases may not commonly be reported in our clinical settings. Acanthamoeba has been detected from different environmental sources namely; soil, water, hot-spring, swimming pool, air-conditioner, or contact lens storage cases. The identification of Acanthamoeba is based on morphological appearance and molecular techniques using PCR and DNA sequencing for clinico-epidemiological purposes. Recent treatments have long been ineffective against Acanthamoeba cyst, novel anti-Acanthamoeba agents have therefore been extensively investigated. There are efforts to utilize synthetic chemicals, lead compounds from medicinal plant extracts, and animal products to combat Acanthamoeba infection. Applied nanotechnology, an advanced technology, has shown to enhance the anti-Acanthamoeba activity in the encapsulated nanoparticles leading to new therapeutic options. This review attempts to provide an overview of the available data and studies on the occurrence of pathogenic Acanthamoeba among the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) members with the aim of identifying some potential contributing factors such as distribution, demographic profile of the patients, possible source of the parasite, mode of transmission and treatment. Further, this review attempts to provide future direction for prevention and control of the Acanthamoeba infection.

#Acanthamoeba #clinico-epidemiology #medicinal plant #molecular #nanotechnology #Southeast Asia

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