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Implications of the Hospice, Palliative Care, and Life-sustaining Treatment Decision-making Act
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환자연명의료결정법의 제정과 과제

논문 기본 정보

Type
Academic journal
Author
Hyoung Wook Park (단국대학교)
Journal
Korean Legal Center The Justice Wn.158-3 KCI Accredited Journals
Published
2017.2
Pages
670 - 701 (32page)

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Implications of the Hospice, Palliative Care, and Life-sustaining Treatment Decision-making Act
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Abstract· Keywords

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On January 8, 2016, the Hospice, palliative care, and life-sustaining treatment decision-making act passed the National Assembly plenary session. The purpose of this article is to clarify the significance of its establishment and identify the related problems. This article focuses on the fundamental meaning and limitations of this law rather than the details of its enforcement.
There have been three important Supreme Court decisions in our society concerning the withdrawal of life-sustaining treatments or the patients’ right to refuse medical treatments.
In 2004, the Supreme Court indicted the related surgeons for aiding and abetting murder in the Boramae Hospital case. Although the patient in this case was assessed as having a potential for resuscitation, lay doctors became more likely to refuse patient’s family member’s request for discharge due to fear of legal punishment. In 2009, the Supreme Court ruled that Kim Grandma had reached the stage of unrecoverable death and physicians should remove the patient’s ventilator. In 2014, the Supreme Court found a surgeon not guilty for operating without transfusion when the patient died because the surgeon followed patient’s right to self-determination.
The hospice, palliative care, and life-sustaining treatment decision-making act consists of 43 articles in 6 chapters, and the main features are as follows. First, this act distinguishes dying patients from terminally ill patients and stipulates that only dying patients can be subject to the withdrawal of life-sustaining treatments. Second, this act distinguishes POLST from advance directive. Third, this act stipulates that only extraordinary treatments are subject to the withdrawal of life-sustaining treatments.
However, the Hospice, palliative care, and life-sustaining treatment decision-making act has the following limitations. First, this act does not prescribe the appointment of a patients’ proxy which means that this act omits the methods to realize the patients’ self-determination. Second, this act does not directly address the issue of the patients’ right to refuse medical treatments. Third, the act requires that all POLST and advance directive be registered with the national agency for the withdrawal of life-sustaining treatments.
For the proper enforcement of this act, its supportive statutes must be reasonably enacted. We must not forget the fundamental problems inherent in this act. Should this act be revised in the future, the core theme of patients’ autonomy and patients’ right to refuse medical treatments needs to be realized. In addition, the excessive bureaucracy created by this act should be reduced.

Contents

논문요지
Ⅰ. 서론
Ⅱ. 연명의료중단과 관련된 주요 판결
Ⅲ. 환자연명의료결정법의 주요 내용
Ⅳ. 환자연명의료결정법의 문제점과 과제
Ⅴ. 결론
〈참고문헌〉
〈Abstract〉

References (27)

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Related precedents (7)

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  • 대법원 2004. 6. 24. 선고 2002도995 판결

    [1] 살인죄에 있어서의 고의는 반드시 살해의 목적이나 계획적인 살해의 의도가 있어야 하는 것은 아니고 자기의 행위로 인하여 타인의 사망의 결과를 발생시킬 만한 가능 또는 위험이 있음을 인식하거나 예견하면 족한 것이고 그 인식 또는 예견은 확정적인 것은 물론 불확정적인 것이더라도 소위 미필적 고의로서 살인의 범의가 인정된다.

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  • 대법원 2009. 5. 21. 선고 2009다17417 전원합의체 판결

    [1] 환자가 의사 또는 의료기관(이하 `의료인’이라 한다)에게 진료를 의뢰하고 의료인이 그 요청에 응하여 치료행위를 개시하는 경우에 의료인과 환자 사이에는 의료계약이 성립된다. 의료계약에 따라 의료인은 질병의 치료 등을 위하여 모든 의료지식과 의료기술을 동원하여 환자를 진찰하고 치료할 의무를 부담하며 이에 대하여 환자 측은 보수를 지급할

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  • 대법원 2014. 6. 26. 선고 2009도14407 판결

    환자의 명시적인 수혈 거부 의사가 존재하여 수혈하지 아니함을 전제로 환자의 승낙(동의)을 받아 수술하였는데 수술 과정에서 수혈을 하지 않으면 생명에 위험이 발생할 수 있는 응급상태에 이른 경우에, 환자의 생명을 보존하기 위해 불가피한 수혈 방법의 선택을 고려함이 원칙이라 할 수 있지만, 한편으로 환자의 생명 보호에 못지않게 환자의 자기결정권을 존중하여야 할

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  • 서울고등법원 2002. 2. 7. 선고 98노1310 판결

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  • 서울고등법원 2009. 2. 10. 선고 2008나116869 판결

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  • 서울서부지방법원 2008. 11. 28. 선고 2008가합6977 판결

    [1] 생명연장 치료가 회복가능성이 없는 환자에게 육체적 고통이 될뿐만 아니라 식물상태로 의식 없이 생명을 연장하여야 하는 정신적 고통의 무의미한 연장을 강요하는 결과를 가져오게 되어 오히려 인간의 존엄과 인격적 가치를 해할 수 있는 경우에는, 환자가 삶과 죽음의 경계에서 자연스러운 죽음을 맞이하는 것이 인간의 존엄과 가치에 더 부합하게 되

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  • 광주지방법원 2009. 12. 2. 선고 2009노1622 판결

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UCI(KEPA) : I410-ECN-0101-2017-360-002176749