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논문 기본 정보

자료유형
학술저널
저자정보
저널정보
인천대학교 인천학연구원 인천학연구 인천학연구 제7권
발행연도
2007.8
수록면
169 - 210 (42page)

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The purpose of this study was to understand the society of Incheon settlement area especially focusing on the conflicts and crimes among the residents in the open port period. Opened by the demand of Japanese imperialism in 1883, Incheon functioned as a gate for import of modern Western culture with institution of settlements of the Chinese and the European as well as the Japanese. There were explosive increase in population and establishment of the Office of Open Port Market, the maritime customs, the post office, the telegraph office, newspaper company, bank, and several companies, which gave Incheon the appearance of a modern city. The value and system to build a new society, however, caused confliction with the old ones and, as a consequence, gave rise to various troubles. After the first settlement, China and Japan pushed on with the plan to expand the settlement, in the process of which they made many troubles with the Chosun residents and land owners. Other foreigners who lived in the settlements also gave negative respond to the arbitrary expansion of China and Japan settlements. In addition to the competition of China and Japan over the commercial power in Chosun from the early open port period, the foreign merchants also resisted to the monopoly of Chosun merchants such as Gaekju and Yeogak in the settlement. Moreover, the maritime customs, which was in charge of the tariff in the settlement, often clashed with the foreign merchants in the process of imposition of the customs and inspection of the smuggled goods. In Incheon settlement society, crimes and social problems which reflected the characteristics of newly forming modern society occurred, such as various assaults, homicides, and swindles, especially the ones related to the use or possession of land. In the settlement, counterfeit coinage spread, weights and measures were disordered, and smuggles of goods such as ginseng prevailed. Opium, prostitution, gun accidents, and disinfection were also among the newly appeared social problems. The settlements in Incheon led the modernization of Korea as the first gate for import of advanced Western culture. Only the modernization started in Incheon was not necessarily the welcome and pleasant one and was accompanied by dark shadow. Conflicts and crimes prevailed among the residents of settlements and the Chosun government showed passive attitudes toward the solution as they did in the process of forced port opening and the establishment of the settlements. The consciousness of the people awakened by import of the Western culture made the government's attitude intolerable and the resistance often appeared in a violent way. There were also some Chosun people who committed crimes involving settlements in collaboration with foreigners.

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UCI(KEPA) : I410-ECN-0101-2016-359-002387296