지원사업
학술연구/단체지원/교육 등 연구자 활동을 지속하도록 DBpia가 지원하고 있어요.
커뮤니티
연구자들이 자신의 연구와 전문성을 널리 알리고, 새로운 협력의 기회를 만들 수 있는 네트워킹 공간이에요.
초록· 키워드
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This thesis is a study of the activities of the blind in Japan, Korea and China considered from a historical viewpoint.
There is a tendency to regard the blind as socially disadvantaged, and therefore as a subject of medical care and social welfare. Considered from a historical viewpoint, however, the blind have not only enjoyed their national culture like the seeing, but have also created their own culture and passed it on.
In ancient Japan the blind were often shaman who cured diseases with an incantation or performed the ceremony of praying for rain. The blind soon began to sing songs to biwa lute and recite the war tales of the Heike and Genji clans. They were called ‘biwa h?shi’ (lit. biwa minstrel) and organized a group called ‘T?d?za’ to protect their trade rights for the entertainment business. In modern times they play the shamisen (a three-stringed Japanese lute) or the koto (a thirteenstringed Japanese zither) instead of the biwa. Also, many of the blind were engaged in acupuncture and massage, while m?s? (lit. blind priests) engaged in religious and other duties. These included holding ceremonies for the gods and Buddha and reciting the Sutra, as well as telling mythical tales and tales of wars, both with biwa accompaniment.
In Korea the m?s? of the Koryo Dynasty engaged in national ceremonies of praying for rain as well as divination. The blind of the Joseon Dynasty had their stronghold at Myeong-tong-jeol temple and engaged in divination and reciting Sutra. The government also selected promising young blind people to let them acquire the divination skills and employed those who passed the exam as civil servants. During the 19th century the blind engaged in divination and reciting Sutra organized a group called ‘Maeng-cheong’. Some of the blind people who excelled in the traditional music were given a role to play music at Court.
In ancient China blind musicians played music at Court. It is well known that Confucius was fond of the blind’s music and studied music under a blind musician. The role the blind played in the field of Chinese traditional music and narratives is not insignificant. They also organized a group called ‘S?n huang hui’.
As described above, the blind have developed their activities under various historical conditions and cultural environments. Therefore I focused on the commonality of their activities, namely the following points. Firstly, the activity that supports the lives of most blind people is massage. Secondly, the blind have created a new culture in the field of music and narratives. Without their involvement it would not have reached its present cultural richness. Thirdly, the blind have organized groups (the blind’s guild) for the sake of their mutual aid on their own. These groups have played a key role in passing on the blind’s culture. Fourthly, I infer that in earlier times blindness was considered to be of special value. Before modern times, the blind were believed to possess a special power to peer into the world beyond, as the reason that they could not see this world.
There is a tendency to regard the blind as socially disadvantaged, and therefore as a subject of medical care and social welfare. Considered from a historical viewpoint, however, the blind have not only enjoyed their national culture like the seeing, but have also created their own culture and passed it on.
In ancient Japan the blind were often shaman who cured diseases with an incantation or performed the ceremony of praying for rain. The blind soon began to sing songs to biwa lute and recite the war tales of the Heike and Genji clans. They were called ‘biwa h?shi’ (lit. biwa minstrel) and organized a group called ‘T?d?za’ to protect their trade rights for the entertainment business. In modern times they play the shamisen (a three-stringed Japanese lute) or the koto (a thirteenstringed Japanese zither) instead of the biwa. Also, many of the blind were engaged in acupuncture and massage, while m?s? (lit. blind priests) engaged in religious and other duties. These included holding ceremonies for the gods and Buddha and reciting the Sutra, as well as telling mythical tales and tales of wars, both with biwa accompaniment.
In Korea the m?s? of the Koryo Dynasty engaged in national ceremonies of praying for rain as well as divination. The blind of the Joseon Dynasty had their stronghold at Myeong-tong-jeol temple and engaged in divination and reciting Sutra. The government also selected promising young blind people to let them acquire the divination skills and employed those who passed the exam as civil servants. During the 19th century the blind engaged in divination and reciting Sutra organized a group called ‘Maeng-cheong’. Some of the blind people who excelled in the traditional music were given a role to play music at Court.
In ancient China blind musicians played music at Court. It is well known that Confucius was fond of the blind’s music and studied music under a blind musician. The role the blind played in the field of Chinese traditional music and narratives is not insignificant. They also organized a group called ‘S?n huang hui’.
As described above, the blind have developed their activities under various historical conditions and cultural environments. Therefore I focused on the commonality of their activities, namely the following points. Firstly, the activity that supports the lives of most blind people is massage. Secondly, the blind have created a new culture in the field of music and narratives. Without their involvement it would not have reached its present cultural richness. Thirdly, the blind have organized groups (the blind’s guild) for the sake of their mutual aid on their own. These groups have played a key role in passing on the blind’s culture. Fourthly, I infer that in earlier times blindness was considered to be of special value. Before modern times, the blind were believed to possess a special power to peer into the world beyond, as the reason that they could not see this world.
목차
はじめに
第１章 日本の盲人文化─琵琶法師ㆍ座頭ㆍ盲僧ㆍ?道座
第２章 韓?の盲人文化─盲僧ㆍ命課盲人ㆍ管弦盲人ㆍ盲?
第３章 中?の盲人文化─音?ㆍ?唱ㆍ算命ㆍ三皇?
主要?考文?
Abstract
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UCI(KEPA) : I410-ECN-0101-2009-910-014940050