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The purpose of this article is to promote the understanding of Korean Bible term “sokgeon-jae(속건제, guilt offering)” through the explanation of the meanings and examples of sok (redemption, 贖) and gun (transgression, 愆) in the pre-modern age of Korea.
‘Sok’ is used throughout the Joseon Dynasty as a legal term to describe the act of paying the cost. To pay a fair cost in order to escape from the civil service or to clear away the punishment for sin is called ‘sok.’ Often the features of the guilt offering different from the sin offering are explained only as a matter of compensation. But, in fact, compensation is linked to the term ‘sok’ (redemption) rather than ‘geon’ (transgression).
‘Geon’ does not simply mean ‘sin.’ It is used as a term with the meaning of ‘guilt against the absolute standard or rule.’ When the intellectuals of the Joseon Dynasty confronted the Korean Bible term ‘sokgeonjae,’ they could recognize that it is a matter of ‘breaking the absolute standard of God.’ For Confucian scholars at that time, the term ‘geon’ was considered as the same as ‘bulgunbulmang’ (without transgression and without forgetfulness, 不愆不忘). They believed that the nation and its people would be at peace when the law of the late king, which is the absolute standard, is “not broken or forgotten.” It was in line with the Bible principle that says ‘God’s law is what makes us live and be blessed’ (Deut 32:46-47 and so on).
If we have these concepts understood, we can see that the translations such as ‘commit a violation,’ ‘sin unintentionally’, ‘the proper value’, and ‘a guilt offering’ were appropriate.
‘Sok’ is used throughout the Joseon Dynasty as a legal term to describe the act of paying the cost. To pay a fair cost in order to escape from the civil service or to clear away the punishment for sin is called ‘sok.’ Often the features of the guilt offering different from the sin offering are explained only as a matter of compensation. But, in fact, compensation is linked to the term ‘sok’ (redemption) rather than ‘geon’ (transgression).
‘Geon’ does not simply mean ‘sin.’ It is used as a term with the meaning of ‘guilt against the absolute standard or rule.’ When the intellectuals of the Joseon Dynasty confronted the Korean Bible term ‘sokgeonjae,’ they could recognize that it is a matter of ‘breaking the absolute standard of God.’ For Confucian scholars at that time, the term ‘geon’ was considered as the same as ‘bulgunbulmang’ (without transgression and without forgetfulness, 不愆不忘). They believed that the nation and its people would be at peace when the law of the late king, which is the absolute standard, is “not broken or forgotten.” It was in line with the Bible principle that says ‘God’s law is what makes us live and be blessed’ (Deut 32:46-47 and so on).
If we have these concepts understood, we can see that the translations such as ‘commit a violation,’ ‘sin unintentionally’, ‘the proper value’, and ‘a guilt offering’ were appropriate.
목차
1. 서론
2. ‘속’의 전근대시기 함의와 배상 문제
3. ‘건’의 전근대시기 함의와 ‘불건불망’
4. ‘불건불망’의 함의로 본 레위기 5장 14절-6장 7절의 한글 성경 번역 사례
5. 결론
6. 참고문헌
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