본 연구는 속성이론과 혁신확산이론을 주요 이론적 근거로 하여 기존의 연구에서 다루지 못했던 가입자형 VOD와 유료형 비즈니스 모델로의 확장을 추구하고 있는 유료 광고형 VOD의 이용의도를 고찰하였다. 구체적으로 설문조사를 이용하여 본 연구는 OTT 혁신 속성 변인, 인지된 혁신 특성 변인, 미디어 이용 동기 변인 및 OTT의 지각된 유료방송 대체 가능성 변인이 가입자형 VOD(연구모델Ⅰ)와 유료 광고형 VOD(연구모델Ⅱ)의 이용의도에 미치는 영향을 고찰하였다. 위계적 회귀분석의 결과, 인지된 혁신 특성 변인인 적합성, 시험가능성, 관찰가능성, 미디어 이용 동기 변인인 도구적 지향 변인이 가입자형 VOD 이용의도에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 유료 광고형 VOD 모델에서는 OTT혁신 속성 변인인 자체제작 콘텐츠 선호도 및 지각된 비용, 인지된 혁신 특성 변인인 적합성, 관찰가능성, 미디어 이용 동기 변인인 관습적 지향과 도구적 지향 변인이 유료 광고형 VOD 이용의도에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 두 모델의 분석 결과를 비교하면, 지각된 비용은 유료 광고형 VOD 이용의도에는 영향을 주었으나, 가입자형 VOD 모델에서는 상대적으로 설명력이 약한 것으로 나타났으며, 관습적 지향 변인은 유료 광고형 VOD 이용의도에만 영향을 주었음을 발견하였다. 한편, 지각된 대체 가능성 변인은 두 모델에서 모두 통계적으로 유의하지 않았는데, 이 결과는 아직 OTT 서비스가 기존 유료방송의 대체재로 인식되지 않고 있음을 제시한다.
Digital transformation can be understood as total and overall societal effect of digitalization at the societal level. In terms of media industry strategy, digital transformation can be understood as a strategy in which a media firm integrates innovative digital technologies to change its business model and establish a new direction for the industry. Over-the-Top (OTT) reflects this digital transformation phenomenon. OTT is recognized as the next generation of media that will bring innovation and efficiency in media industry with the proliferation of digital transformation phenomenon. The OTT video market is constantly growing. For instance, as of January 2019, Netflix, a leader among the global OTT service providers, had 139 million streaming subscribers. Netflix’s global streaming services are currently available in more than 200 countries around the world. OTT service providers such as Netflix and Youtube provide a platform service for viewing various video contents anytime, anywhere through internet-enabled various digital devices. In addition, OTT has evolved in various types to be regarded as a spectrum. However, previous studies have not examined the intention to use these various types of paid OTTs. For example, few studies examined intention to use paid Advertising Video-on-demand (AVOD) and Subscription Video-on-demand (SVOD). Also, the effects of original content preference, personalized content recommendation preference, and perceived cost to users on the intention to use AVOD and SVOD, have not been sufficiently examined. In addition, studies on the substitutability of the existing pay TV service and the OTT service, which may play an important part in the debate over the OTT regulatory model, have not been sufficiently analyzed. Therefore, based upon attribute theory and innovation diffusion theory (IDT), this study examines the intention to use subscription VOD and paid advertising VOD in consideration of four constructs. Specifically, employing a survey method, this study examine whether original content preference, personalized content recommendation preference, and perceived cost from the attribute theory, compatibility, trialability, and observability from the innovation diffusion theory, ritualized use and instrumental use from the viewing orientation, perceived substitutability of the existing pay TV service and the OTT service affect intention to use subscription VOD service (Research Model I) and paid advertising VOD service (Research Model II). The results of the hierarchical regression analysis demonstrate that factors such as compatibility, trialability, observability and instrumental use affect the intention to use subscription VOD service. Also, original content preference and perceived cost, compatibility, observability and viewing orientation variables such as ritualized use and instrumental use affect user intention of paid advertising VOD. Comparing the results of the two models, the perceived cost affects the intention to use the paid advertising VOD, but the perceived cost variable was relatively weak in explaining the intention to use the subscription VOD model. It was also found that the ritualized use variable affects the intention to use paid advertising VOD only. In addition, it was found that the OTT’s perceived substitutability of paid broadcasting service is not statistically significant in both the paid advertising VOD model and subscription VOD model, which implies that the OTT service is not yet recognized as a substitute for the existing paid TV services.