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Background and Objectives:Innate immunity is important in the middle ear because of the lack of immune cells in the region.Among innate immunities beta-defensin-2 is known to play an important role in the immune function of the middle ear. But westill do not understand well about the signal transduction pathway and gene regulatory region of beta-defensin-2 (hBD-2).Materials and Method:The expression of beta-defensin-2 (hBD-2) by IL-1α in HMEEC was detected by RT-PCR. Theluciferase-expressing vector containing diverse lengths of the hBD-2 5’ flanking region made by the progressive unidirectionaldeletion was transferred to HEEMC (Human Middle Ear Cell). We analyzed the function of 5’ flanking region by luciferaseactivity measured using a luminometer after supplementing corresponding substrates to the cell lysate. Results:hBD-2 wasupregulated by IL-1α in HMEEC-1. The treatment of IL-1α up-regulated the activity of promoter by 7.60±1.45 (average±standard deviation) folds in 2.7 kpb sized 5’ flanking region, 3.81±0.78 folds in 1.1 kbp, and 4.00±0.73 folds in 500 bp.Conclusion:These results indicate there are two effective gene regions that regulate the hBD-2 expression by IL-1α between2.7 kbp and 1.1 kbp, and at 500 bp upstream of the translation starting point of hBD-2 in HMEEC-1.

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