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A Study on the Debate of Enlightenment from Tientai's Viewpoint
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천태에서 바라본 깨달음 논쟁

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Type
Academic journal
Author
Journal
불교학연구회 불교학연구 불교학연구 제56권 KCI Excellent Accredited Journal
Published
2018.1
Pages
1 - 25 (25page)

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A Study on the Debate of Enlightenment from Tientai's Viewpoint
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This article is to study Tientai’s thought from the viewpoint of enlightenment. To be specific, this article is to study Tientai’s thought from the viewpoint of understanding and awakening (解悟) and of full realization (證悟). In chapter two, I will study Seongcheol’s criticism on sudden enlightenment (understanding and awakening) and gradual cultivation. He criticizes that understanding and awakening is a practice method of the doctrinal school. From that point of view, he criticizes Bojo’s Secrets on Cultivating the Mind. He insists that full realization is the core of Zen. In chapter three, I will study, from the viewpoint of understanding and awakening and of full realization, the interdependence cessation and observation (相待止觀), perfect and sudden cessation and observation (圓頓止觀), and six stages of Tientai’s thought. Interdependence cessation and observation (相待止觀) is in order and interdependent, which intensifies the enlightenment in the order of emptiness (空), nominal designation (假), the mean (中). In this point, to realize emptiness is understanding and awakening, and to be enlightened on the mean is full realization. Perfect and sudden cessation and observation (圓頓止觀) is to realize true original nature (實相) from the beginning. From the viewpoint of understanding and awakening and of full realization, this is full realization. Six stages (六卽) is stages of practice methods in Tientai; stage of buddha nature (理卽), stage of verbal identity (名字卽), stage of practice of meditation (觀行卽), stage of seeming buddhahood (相似卽), stage to perceive reality a bit at a time (分眞卽), and the stage of complete enlightenment (究竟卽). The stage of seeming buddhahood and the stage to perceive reality a bit at a time are understanding and awakening, and the stage of complete enlightenment is full realization. By the way, six stages is not to say simply about understanding and awakening or full realization, but to say about the stage of practice before understanding and awakening. From this point of view, I think that six stages is necessary meditation practice today.

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