본 연구는 주의력결핍 과잉행동장애 하위유형과 공존장애에 대한 판별을 위한 기초 조사로서 시행되었다. 수도권 지역 일반 학급에 있는 장애로 판별되지 않은 아동 중 주의력결핍 과잉행동장애 증후를 보이는 아동에 대한 선별진단에서 나온 행동 특성과 산만형, 과다행동/충동형, 혼합형의 하위유형, 반대적-도전적인 품행장애와 불안 혹은 우울의 공존장애의 실태, 발달적인 수행도와 학급 행동의 상태 등에 대해 알아보기 위해서, ‘밴더빌트 교사 행동평가척도’로 구성된 설문을 실시하였다. 15개 학교에서 114명의 담임교사가 응답한 286명의 아동들에 대한 설문 결과를 빈도 · 백분율 · t검증 · Pearson 적률 상관계수를 사용하여 분석 하였다. 연구 결과, 일반 학급에 있는 주의력결핍 과잉행동장애 증후를 보이는 아동은 산만하고 주의집중 하는데 어려움을 보이는 산만형 아동들이 많이 나타났고, 공존장애는 불안하고 우울한 증상을 보이는 아동들이 약간 더 많이 나타났다. 또한 주의력결핍 과잉행동장애 아동의 하위유형 간에 남 여 차이는 없었으며 저학년과 고학년 간에는 반대적-도전적인 품행장애를 제외한 주의력 결핍 우세 산만형, 과잉행동/충동형, 혼합형, 불안 우울장애가 저학년아동에게서 다소 높게 나타났다. 연구 결과들에 의거하여 공존 장애와 하위유형별 특성에 따른 보다 효과적인 교수방법들에 대한 신뢰할만한 정보제공의 필요성과 더 나아가서 하위유형별 특성과 공존장애에 따라서 효율적 지도방법에 대한 연수와 전문기관과의 연계 등에 대한 논의가 제시되었다.
The children with the attention deficit hyperactivity disorders were reported that they were mostly placed in regular classes without any supports, so the teachers in regular classes expressed a lot of difficulties with them. In elementary period, the major problems of the children with the attention deficit hyperactivity disorders were inattentiveness, impulsiveness, and hyperactivity.
This study was intended to provide the basic informations about the children with the attention deficit hyperactivity disorders with the regular teachers in the elementary school. So the study was implemented to know the behavior characteristics, the subtypes, the comorbidity with other disabilities, and to find the relationship between subtypes and the learning performances, the sex, and the grade.
The surveys were implemented that included with the informations on backgrounds, the screening scale, and the 'Vanderbilt Teacher Behavior Rating', on the 286 children with the attention deficit hyperactivity disorders to their regular teachers in the elementary school. The collected data were analysed by frequency, percentile, t-test, and Pearson coefficient.
The results of this study were as followed. First, in the screening scale of the behavior characteristics, the children with the attention deficit hyperactivity disorders showed the more inattentiveness trend than the hyperactivity. Second, in the subtypes of the behavior characteristics, the children with the attention deficit hyperactivity disorders displayed the inattentiveness, the hyperactivity/impulsiveness, the mixed type in order of their frequencies. And in comorbidity, the children with anxiety/depression were more found than children with anti and defiant conduct disorders. Third, with the correlation among variables, the 3 subtypes of the children with the attention deficit hyperactivity disorders showed the positive correlation with 2 comorbidities. And the learning performances were negatively correlated with the inattentiveness and the mixed type. Fourth, with the sex difference, boys were more prevalent than girls in every subtypes and comorbidity symptoms. But there were no significant differences of the behavior characteristics in the sex. Fifth, with the grade, low grades(1-3 grade) were more prevailing than high grades(4-6grade) in all areas but the anti and defiant conduct disorders. And there were significant differences in the hyperactivity/impulsiveness, and the mixed type. Based on these results, the suggestions and implications were discussed.