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논문 기본 정보

자료유형
학술저널
저자정보
저널정보
한국체육철학회 움직임의 철학: 한국체육철학회지 움직임의철학: 한국체육철학회지 제3권 제1호
발행연도
1995.8
수록면
73 - 98 (26page)

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The major focus of this article was to describe the differences between quantitative and qualitative approaches in research methodology of physical education. The key methodological question confronting the practice of physical education is how to gather and analyze data. In general, resaerch methodology can be divided into two paradigms: quantitative and qualitative. Until recently, the quantitative approach dominated physical education research as a major methodology. In the last few years, however, qualitative methods have been coming to the fore. Recently, qualitative research has emerged as a powerful and influential approach in the field of education (Bore & Gall, 1991). Qualitative resaerch gains insight by discovering the meanings attached to a given phenomenon. Since many scholars realize that the approach of the social science is very different from that of the nature sciences, the qualitative method is being used more than before. The qualitative method is subject and demands a board range of information. It is focused on understanding social phenomena from the actors` perspectives through participation in the life of those actors. A main advantage of this method is that it allows researchers to learn why and how events happen. In other words, qualitative research looks for the underlying reasons behind empirical data. But this approach also has some limitations. Samples are often small and unique, so that conclusions are difficult to generalize. Other objections center around the factors of objectivity and completeness. Critics of the qualitative approach claim that subject, personal reactions cannot be eliminated. On the other hand, qualitative scholars can use statistical methods to analyze numerical data gathered through observation, coding, experiments, and questionnaires. Qualitative research is directed toward the discovery of laws of observable behavior. It is based on a positivist philosophy which assumes that there are social facts with an object reality apart from the beliefs of individuals. Moreover, this approach holds that social science can and should imitate the nature science. However, qualitative research also has limitations. This type of research can show what is happening, but not why or how. There are concern that this method is too far removed from everyday teaching to provide a clear guide for practice. A combination of qualitative and quantitative research is ideal approach to the study of physical education. It is possible for any research to have a combination of both the qualitative and quantitative methods of collecting data. Such a combination allows a researcher to not only obtain information about frequency with which the behavior being investigated occurs, but also about the conditions that might be affecting that behavior.

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