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자료유형
학술저널
저자정보
저널정보
한국슬라브유라시아학회 슬라브학보 슬라브학보 제23권 3호
발행연도
2008.9
수록면
329 - 353 (25page)

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This paper aims to elucidate what changes the hierarchical system underwent in the workshops of the industrial enterprises of St. Petersburg (called Petrograd since 1914), the capital city of the modern Russia by examining the relations of foremen with workers in before, during, and after the Russian Revolution. In the Tsarist Russia, actually, the lower supervisory personnel, especially foremen wielded power over those workers who were under their control, since the former were in the position to set the wages of the latter. Such circumstances led the workers to be subject to the arbitrariness on the part of foremen. In a nutshell, foremen were despots on the shop floor. 1917 saw that foremen lost almost all their authority over workers. In the revolutionary process of 1917 most factory workers aspired to recast the hierarchical system at production points on the basis of workplace democratism. In 1917 and the subsequent years workers elected those who gained confidence of them as foremen. In the aftermath of the Russian Revolution, in their turn, foremen made an attempt to adapt themselves to the radically changed situations. 1920 saw that the top leadership of the Bolshevik Party took a tough line for enhancing the productivity of labor at any cost in order to overcome the economic dislocation which overtook the Revolutionary Russia during the Civil War. Such a productionist line supported by the top Bolshevik leaders including Vladimir I. Lenin led to the restoration of the despotic power of foremen on the shop floor. Many workers resisted it but in vain. In actuality, therefore, the strict hierarchical system based on authoritarianism was almost restored in the workshops of industrial enterprises at least at the end of the NEP era.

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Ⅰ. 머리말
Ⅱ. 군림하는 작업장의 “폭군”: 1917년 혁명 이전 작업반장의 위상
Ⅲ. 물러나는 작업장의 “폭군”: 1917년 혁명기와 내전 초기 작업반장의 위상 변화
Ⅳ. 되돌아오는 “폭군”: 내전 말기와 네프 초기 작업반장 권위의 복원
Ⅴ. 맺음말
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