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The text books set to be used in April 2002, were inspected based on the New Teaching Method outlined by Japan′s Ministry of Education. The inspection started in April 2000 and the results were announced by the Minister of Education and Science on the 3rd of April, 200l. This inspection process has attracted the attention of the world concerning the Japanese middle school history book problem. Korea and China, amongst many other Asian nations, have voiced their concerns and have strongly demanded changes in historically inaccurate aspects of the government inspection. Korea, has demanded 35 corrections(China has demanded 8).
Of the 7 publishing companies that were registered for inspection, Husosha was added. Of the 8 publishing companies that were under inspection by the ministry of education and science, all 8 qualified to be used as textbooks. These 8 textbooks that passed inspection were displayed at exhibitions all across the country that started in June 200l. The exhibitions lasted until August 15th, where textbooks were selected by schools. The books are scheduled to be used starting April 2002.
This paper has been centered around the Husosha′s ‘New History Textbooks’, which has been the main reason for many of the problems during the recent inspections.
The expulsion of Japanese text books have started since 1982, and until now our government has responded strongly and has expressed the feelings of our nation thoroughly. However this time our government has been unable to change the minds of the Japanese government. Our demands were rejected just two months after our government requested changes be made in the Japanese textbooks. Although there were no more ways to deal with the Japanese government, out of the eight textbooks that various schools had selected, only 0.03% of Husosha′s books were selected. A far cry from the 10% that Husosha had been expecting. That means out of 4.1 million Japanese middle school students, only 1200 students will be learning from Husosha′s book. The following is the series of events that has preceeded the present situation concerning the inspection of Japanese history texts.
After 1982, when inaccurate aspects of Korean history in Japanese textbooks were brought to our attention, the Korean Education Development Center has organized campaigns to give the world a more accurate view of Korean history. However the recent inspections have made us realize that these efforts are not enough to change the fundamental problems concerning distorted Japanese textbooks.
What were the standards that the ministry of education and science used during the textbook inspections?
They used the ‘New Teaching Method’(scheduled to be in use in the year 2002) during the inspection of middle school text books.
The inspection process: Each publishing company registers a draft for inspection → an inspector from the ministry of education and science investigates → there is a Textbook Screening Investigations Review Board evaluation→ Judgement(Pass/non-Pass).
When an adjustment is needed: The publishing company turns in adjustment papers according to the results of the inspection → Re-evaluation → Judgement (Pass/non-Pass) → Final ruling by the Ministry of Education and Science
However, in order to pass Husosha′s book, the Ministry of Education and Science demanded a large amount of adjustments. There was even a case where there were three adjustment processes that were carried out just in order to qualify Husosha′s book Due to this incident, the announcement of the inspection results was delayed for a month, Furthermore, classified information concerning the screening process was deliberately released by the cabinet office. This proves that there had been an effort by the Japanese government to pass books from specific publishing companies from official inspection and screening.
Then what are the problems concerning Husosha′s ‘New History Book’? The contents can be summarized as the following.
The organization is comprised of writers who call themselves ‘The Makers of the New History Book’, editors, and sales people. The editors work in collaboration with the staff from Sankei Newspaper(産經新聞). Sankei Newspapaer is in charge of publishing and Husosha and ‘The makers of the New History book’ is in charge of sales. All these groups assigned work for themselves and produced ‘The New History Book’. Nishioganji is the president and central figure who over looked the writing of the book. In October 1999, Nishioganji wrote a pilot edition of the book titled ‘A People′s History’(774 pages, 1,714 yen) and set a goal to trial sell a million copies (Actually sold 600 thousand). He used these trial sales as an advertising tool and distributed and sold the books at a low price. The basic premise of the book is that ‘All History is a Myth not science’. The abridgement of this very book is ‘The New History Book’ that Husosha has registered for inspection.
The main problems of this text books can be categorized into 4 parts.
First, history has been omitted. The history of genocide, such as the history of ‘comfort women(慰安夫)’ and ‘the Nanjing massacre(南京虐殺)’, have either not been mentioned or their mention of it is not nearly detailed enough.
Secondly, the part about the Emperor(天皇), which is mainly myth, has been given up to four pages of mention(p.60~63). The text confuses objective history with myth. It is a textbook on a nation centered on an Emperor.
Thirdly, the history concerning wars proceeding the Sino-Japanese and Japanese-Russian war and the colonial period is inaccurate.
Fourthly, the history is male centered and nationalistic. It omits women′s perspectives and the people′s perspective.
This textbook can be criticized in that it has a wrong view point on war and a distorted view of the superiority of the Japanese empire. In spite of all these truths, the writer of the book Mr. Takamori Akinori, has expressed contradicting arguments and criticised the Korean government concerning our demands for adjustments to his book. Although his arguments have no basis, he continues to make an argument However he didn′t refute all 25 articles. He used historical documents such as ‘The History of Three nations’ to present his argument. He characterized Korea′s demands as ‘narrow minded nationalism’ and has turned the tables and has demanded that we rethink our actions.
The following paper has organized and recorded the contents of Husosha′s book, our government′s adjustment demands, and Mr. Takamori′s opposing arguments.
The Japanese government′s middle school text book distortion problem attempts to turn the Japanese nation back to the past′s militaristic system and Emperor-centered nationalism. On this matter we must take a new stand and re-evaluate our position,
Of the 7 publishing companies that were registered for inspection, Husosha was added. Of the 8 publishing companies that were under inspection by the ministry of education and science, all 8 qualified to be used as textbooks. These 8 textbooks that passed inspection were displayed at exhibitions all across the country that started in June 200l. The exhibitions lasted until August 15th, where textbooks were selected by schools. The books are scheduled to be used starting April 2002.
This paper has been centered around the Husosha′s ‘New History Textbooks’, which has been the main reason for many of the problems during the recent inspections.
The expulsion of Japanese text books have started since 1982, and until now our government has responded strongly and has expressed the feelings of our nation thoroughly. However this time our government has been unable to change the minds of the Japanese government. Our demands were rejected just two months after our government requested changes be made in the Japanese textbooks. Although there were no more ways to deal with the Japanese government, out of the eight textbooks that various schools had selected, only 0.03% of Husosha′s books were selected. A far cry from the 10% that Husosha had been expecting. That means out of 4.1 million Japanese middle school students, only 1200 students will be learning from Husosha′s book. The following is the series of events that has preceeded the present situation concerning the inspection of Japanese history texts.
After 1982, when inaccurate aspects of Korean history in Japanese textbooks were brought to our attention, the Korean Education Development Center has organized campaigns to give the world a more accurate view of Korean history. However the recent inspections have made us realize that these efforts are not enough to change the fundamental problems concerning distorted Japanese textbooks.
What were the standards that the ministry of education and science used during the textbook inspections?
They used the ‘New Teaching Method’(scheduled to be in use in the year 2002) during the inspection of middle school text books.
The inspection process: Each publishing company registers a draft for inspection → an inspector from the ministry of education and science investigates → there is a Textbook Screening Investigations Review Board evaluation→ Judgement(Pass/non-Pass).
When an adjustment is needed: The publishing company turns in adjustment papers according to the results of the inspection → Re-evaluation → Judgement (Pass/non-Pass) → Final ruling by the Ministry of Education and Science
However, in order to pass Husosha′s book, the Ministry of Education and Science demanded a large amount of adjustments. There was even a case where there were three adjustment processes that were carried out just in order to qualify Husosha′s book Due to this incident, the announcement of the inspection results was delayed for a month, Furthermore, classified information concerning the screening process was deliberately released by the cabinet office. This proves that there had been an effort by the Japanese government to pass books from specific publishing companies from official inspection and screening.
Then what are the problems concerning Husosha′s ‘New History Book’? The contents can be summarized as the following.
The organization is comprised of writers who call themselves ‘The Makers of the New History Book’, editors, and sales people. The editors work in collaboration with the staff from Sankei Newspaper(産經新聞). Sankei Newspapaer is in charge of publishing and Husosha and ‘The makers of the New History book’ is in charge of sales. All these groups assigned work for themselves and produced ‘The New History Book’. Nishioganji is the president and central figure who over looked the writing of the book. In October 1999, Nishioganji wrote a pilot edition of the book titled ‘A People′s History’(774 pages, 1,714 yen) and set a goal to trial sell a million copies (Actually sold 600 thousand). He used these trial sales as an advertising tool and distributed and sold the books at a low price. The basic premise of the book is that ‘All History is a Myth not science’. The abridgement of this very book is ‘The New History Book’ that Husosha has registered for inspection.
The main problems of this text books can be categorized into 4 parts.
First, history has been omitted. The history of genocide, such as the history of ‘comfort women(慰安夫)’ and ‘the Nanjing massacre(南京虐殺)’, have either not been mentioned or their mention of it is not nearly detailed enough.
Secondly, the part about the Emperor(天皇), which is mainly myth, has been given up to four pages of mention(p.60~63). The text confuses objective history with myth. It is a textbook on a nation centered on an Emperor.
Thirdly, the history concerning wars proceeding the Sino-Japanese and Japanese-Russian war and the colonial period is inaccurate.
Fourthly, the history is male centered and nationalistic. It omits women′s perspectives and the people′s perspective.
This textbook can be criticized in that it has a wrong view point on war and a distorted view of the superiority of the Japanese empire. In spite of all these truths, the writer of the book Mr. Takamori Akinori, has expressed contradicting arguments and criticised the Korean government concerning our demands for adjustments to his book. Although his arguments have no basis, he continues to make an argument However he didn′t refute all 25 articles. He used historical documents such as ‘The History of Three nations’ to present his argument. He characterized Korea′s demands as ‘narrow minded nationalism’ and has turned the tables and has demanded that we rethink our actions.
The following paper has organized and recorded the contents of Husosha′s book, our government′s adjustment demands, and Mr. Takamori′s opposing arguments.
The Japanese government′s middle school text book distortion problem attempts to turn the Japanese nation back to the past′s militaristic system and Emperor-centered nationalism. On this matter we must take a new stand and re-evaluate our position,
목차
Ⅰ. 서언
Ⅱ. 일본 역사교과서 왜곡에 관한 연구 동향
Ⅲ. 일본문부과학성의 신학습지도요령 시행(2002학년도)에 따른 중학교 교과서 검정과정
Ⅳ. 후소샤의 중학교 역사교과서의 문제는 무엇인가?
Ⅴ. 한국정부가 수정요청한 내용에 대한 반론
Ⅴ. 결론
Abstract
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