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Japanese people have adopted Chinese words phrases into their language.
One example of colloquial Chines phrases which came into th Japanese language and was used in the 11th century, Heian Period, was 「匹如」(hitsujo). The original meaning of his word on the Chinese language of Tang(唐) Era was, "for example", "It seems that...." or "It seems as if..." People in Heian Period, however gave a wrong translation "sururumi" to this Phrase. "Surusumi" meant "alone" in the japanese language of those days.
People of those days interpreted Chinese words and phrases referring to the notes of such classical books as Rongo(論語) and Moushi(毛詩). 「匹如」was rather a new and colloquial phrases and therefore they were not able to find any notes to refer to for it. They had to interpret th phrase without any clue to it. That was how the phrase was translated in a wrong way. That was one of examples in which Japanese people could not give a right translation to a colloquial Chinese phrase.
Another interesting phenomenon was influx of a mass of colloquial Chinese words and phrases into th Japanese language in the 17th to the 19th centuries. In the 17th century a dictionary of colloquial Chinese called Gorokukaigi(語錄解義)、based on the dictionary based down by way of Koreans Peninsula, was edited.
Especially in Edo Era, the study of colloquial Chinese(唐話學) (touwagaku) was established, dictionaries for it were edited and some works of literature in the colloquial language were translated into Japanese. Ogyuu Sorai (荻生?徠) (1666?1728), one of the most expressed only in the colloquial language. He put a great emphasis on the colloquial expressions of both Chinese and Japanese. Zokuokai(俗語解) shows the high level of the study of colloquial Chinese of those days. In the 19th century, after the climax of the study and translation of the 18th century, some novelist like Takizawa Bakin(瀧澤馬琴) (1767?1848) used a great many colloquial Chinese words and phrases in their novels. People who read their novels showed much interest the colloquial words and phrases in them. This tendency continued until the middle of Meiji Era.
One example of colloquial Chines phrases which came into th Japanese language and was used in the 11th century, Heian Period, was 「匹如」(hitsujo). The original meaning of his word on the Chinese language of Tang(唐) Era was, "for example", "It seems that...." or "It seems as if..." People in Heian Period, however gave a wrong translation "sururumi" to this Phrase. "Surusumi" meant "alone" in the japanese language of those days.
People of those days interpreted Chinese words and phrases referring to the notes of such classical books as Rongo(論語) and Moushi(毛詩). 「匹如」was rather a new and colloquial phrases and therefore they were not able to find any notes to refer to for it. They had to interpret th phrase without any clue to it. That was how the phrase was translated in a wrong way. That was one of examples in which Japanese people could not give a right translation to a colloquial Chinese phrase.
Another interesting phenomenon was influx of a mass of colloquial Chinese words and phrases into th Japanese language in the 17th to the 19th centuries. In the 17th century a dictionary of colloquial Chinese called Gorokukaigi(語錄解義)、based on the dictionary based down by way of Koreans Peninsula, was edited.
Especially in Edo Era, the study of colloquial Chinese(唐話學) (touwagaku) was established, dictionaries for it were edited and some works of literature in the colloquial language were translated into Japanese. Ogyuu Sorai (荻生?徠) (1666?1728), one of the most expressed only in the colloquial language. He put a great emphasis on the colloquial expressions of both Chinese and Japanese. Zokuokai(俗語解) shows the high level of the study of colloquial Chinese of those days. In the 19th century, after the climax of the study and translation of the 18th century, some novelist like Takizawa Bakin(瀧澤馬琴) (1767?1848) used a great many colloquial Chinese words and phrases in their novels. People who read their novels showed much interest the colloquial words and phrases in them. This tendency continued until the middle of Meiji Era.
목차
一．はじめに
二. 「匹如」の受容と解釋の歷史
三．辭書と中國俗語
四．江戶文學と中國俗語
五．近代と中國俗語
六．おわりに
〈參考文獻〉
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