이 연구의 목적은 공기업 근로자의 경력열망유형을 잠재프로파일 분석으로 도출하고, 경력열망유형에 따른 리더경험, 유리천장인식의 차이를 살펴보았다. 우리나라 관광산업 관련 준시장형 공기업을 대상으로 하였다. 공기업 근로자의 경력열망유형을 도출하기 위해 근로자가 인식한 성취열망, 리더십열망, 교육열망을 변인을 활용하였고, 경력열망에 따른 차이를 검증하기 위해 조직 내 리더경험, 일상적 리더경험, 유리천장인식 변인을 활용하였으며 성별분포를 확인하였다. 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 관찰변인의 정규성을 확보하였고, 성별에 따른 관찰변인의 차이가 확인되었다. 경력열망유형은 4개 집단으로 확인되었고, 상 유형, 중상 유형, 중하 유형, 하 유형으로 설정하였다. 공기업 근로자의 조직 내 리더경험, 일상적 리더경험, 유리천장인식은 경력열망유형에 따라 차이가 있었다. 상 유형, 중상 유형, 중하 유형, 하 유형 순으로 조직내 리더경험과 일상적 리더경험이 많았고, 유리천장인식은 중하유형과 하 유형에서 높게 나타났다. 전반적으로 여성이 남성에 비해 조직내 리더경험과 일상적 리더경험이 현저히 적었고, 남성은 유리천장이 거의 없다고 인식한 반면, 여성은 유리천장이 있다고 인식하고 있었다. 이 연구의 결과를 바탕으로 다음을 제언하였다. 첫째, 공기업 근로자의 경력열망유형에 따른 경력개발지원이 필요하다. 둘째, 혁신적인 조직문화를 형성하여 다양한 상황에서 다수의 직원이 리더역할을 통한 리더경험을 축적할 수 있도록 기회를 제공해야 할 것이다. 셋째, 리더경험 및 리더십교육을 체계적으로 실시해야 할 것이다. 넷째, 조직 내 직원, 특히 여성직원이 인식하는 유리천장인식을 낮추는 실질적이고 제도적인 노력이 필요하다. 마지막으로, 근로자 개인도 일상적 리더십 경험 및 조직내 리더십 경험을 높이기 위한 적극적 노력을 꾀해 경력개발을 위한 지속적인 자기주도적 학습이 필요하다.
The aim of this study is to identify the types of career aspirations among workers of public enterprises through latent profile analysis and investigate the differences in leadership experience and perceived glass ceiling according to the types of career aspirations. Quasi-market-based tourism-related public corporations in Korea were studied. Types of career aspirations among workers of public enterprises were identified based on workers’ perceived achievement aspiration, leadership aspiration, and educational aspiration, and the differences according to career aspirations were analyzed using leadership experience in the organization, routine leadership experience, and perceived glass ceiling. In this study, we conducted a Latent Profile analysis of the types of career aspirations of public enterprise workers. Latent profile analysis analyzes the characteristics of a measurement variable by identifying a latent group when it is a continuous variable. Mplus 6.12 was used to derive potential group types, and after the latent group was determined, a difference analysis between leader experience and perceived glass ceiling was conducted by type of group. An online survey was conducted using the in-house intranet system for data collection. It was conducted for all employees from September 14 to October 8, 2020. Questionnaires were distributed to all employees and 412 copies were collected. The reverse question identified 136 parts of the answer to be unfaithful and used 276 parts for the final analysis, excluding the answer to be unfaithful. The results confirmed the normality of the observed variables and the differences between them according to sex. The study identified four types of career aspirations-high, middle-high, middle-low, and low. The organizational and routine leadership experiences and the perceived glass ceiling differed by the type of career aspirations of the workers of public enterprises. Based on these results, we present the following suggestions. First, it is essential to tailor the support for career development according to workers’ career aspiration. Second, it is necessary to provide majority of employees with leadership opportunities to build up leadership experiences. To build up massive leadership experiences, fostering horizontal and adhocracy cultures should be implemented first. Third, leadership training should be provided systematic. Fourth, the corporations should provide equal opportunities of leadership experience, regardless of gender, and thus, it could be lower the workers’ perceived glass ceiling. Lastly, the employees also need to make personal efforts to enlarge not only the organizational leadership opportunities but also the routine leadership opportunities, and thus, they can continue to develop their career through self-directed learning experiences.