In vivo bone regeneration assessment of offset and gradient melt electrowritten (MEW) PCL scaffolds

Naghmeh Abbasi; Ryan S. B. Lee; Saso Ivanovski; Robert M. Love; Stephen Hamlet

In vivo bone regeneration assessment of offset and gradient melt electrowritten (MEW) PCL scaffolds

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Type: Academic journal

Author: Naghmeh Abbasi (Griffith University Gold Coast Campus Australia) Ryan S. B. Lee (Griffith University Gold Coast Campus Australia) Saso Ivanovski (University of Queensland Herston CampusAustralia) Robert M. Love (Griffith University Gold Coast Campus Australia) Stephen Hamlet (Griffith University Gold Coast Campus Australia)

Journal: 한국생체재료학회 생체재료학회지 생체재료학회지 제24권 제4호 KCI Accredited Journals

Published: 2020.1

Pages: 240 - 263 (24page)

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In vivo bone regeneration assessment of offset and gradient melt electrowritten (MEW) PCL scaffolds

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Background: Biomaterial-based bone tissue engineering represents a promising solution to overcome reduced residual bone volume. It has been previously demonstrated that gradient and offset architectures of threedimensional melt electrowritten poly-caprolactone (PCL) scaffolds could successfully direct osteoblast cells differentiation toward an osteogenic lineage, resulting in mineralization. The aim of this study was therefore to evaluate the in vivo osteoconductive capacity of PCL scaffolds with these different architectures. Methods: Five different calcium phosphate (CaP) coated melt electrowritten PCL pore sized scaffolds: 250 μm and 500 μm, 500 μm with 50% fibre offset (offset.50.50), tri layer gradient 250?500-750 μm (grad.250top) and 750?500-250 μm (grad.750top) were implanted into rodent critical-sized calvarial defects. Empty defects were used as a control. After 4 and 8 weeks of healing, the new bone was assessed by micro-computed tomography and immunohistochemistry. Results: Significantly more newly formed bone was shown in the grad.250top scaffold 8 weeks postimplantation. Histological investigation also showed that soft tissue was replaced with newly formed bone and fully covered the grad.250top scaffold. While, the bone healing did not happen completely in the 250 μm, offset.50.50 scaffolds and blank calvaria defects following 8 weeks of implantation. Immunohistochemical analysis showed the expression of osteogenic markers was present in all scaffold groups at both time points. The mineralization marker Osteocalcin was detected with the highest intensity in the grad.250top and 500 μm scaffolds. Moreover, the expression of the endothelial markers showed that robust angiogenesis was involved in the repair process. Conclusions: These results suggest that the gradient pore size structure provides superior conditions for bone regeneration.

#Pore size #Melt electrowriting #Bone tissue engineering #Angiogenesis #Scaffold #Poly (ε-caprolactone)

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