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Background and Objectives:Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) exotoxins (SE) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of chronic sinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP). The aim of this study was to identify the contribution of S. aureus exotoxin as allergen in the development of nasal polyp. Materials and Method:Nasal polyp and serum were obtained from 30 patients who underwent endoscopic sinus surgery for CRSwNP and 10 control turbinate mucosae were used. Nasal culture was done for S. aureus exotoxin A (SEA), S. aureus exotoxin B (SEB), and toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 (TSST-1) were measured using ImunoCAP method in nasal tisue and serum. The patients were divided into three groups:A, nasal polyp (+)/culture (+);B, nasal polyp (+)/culture (-);C, nasal polyp (-)/culture (-). Results:The culture for S. aureus was 27% in CRSwNP when compared to 10% in control. The specific IgE for S. aureus in serum was significantly expresed in nasal polyp (30% ) compared to control (0% ). Also the Group A showed a significant high rate of specific IgE (63% ) compared to Group B (18% ) and Group C (0% ) in serum. In nasal polyp tissue, the specific IgE has showed no specific diference betwen nasal polyp (7% ) and control (10% ). However, it was also increased in Group A (25% ), compared to Group B (0%) and Group C (11% ). Conclusion:Our results demonstrated that there was a correlation betwen nasal polyp and specific IgE levels to S. aureus exotoxin. These results suggest that S. aureus exotoxin can act as a traditional allergen and induce the inflamatory reaction in CRSwNP. (Korean J Otorhinolaryngol-Head Neck Surg 2007 ;50 :596-601)

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