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자료유형
학술저널
저자정보
저널정보
한국이슬람학회 한국이슬람학회 논총 한국이슬람학회 논총 제18권 제1호
발행연도
2008.1
수록면
333 - 365 (33page)

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This paper suggests that aspect and modality are more basic categories in Turkish than tense, and inflections typically treated as indicators of tense have to be reanalyzed in terms of these functions. In summary, Turkish appears to have five distinct markers for aspect: the perfect of direct experience {-Dİ}1, the perfect of indirect experience {-mİş}1, the progressive {-İyor}, the prospective {-(y)AcAK}, and the habitual/iterative {-(A/İ)r}. This consideration leads to the view that the present tense and the future tense receive zero marking in Turkish. It would be premature for me to arrive at a specific conclusion regarding this point since I do not have the grounds for doing so, but this proposal is certainly one which needs further investigation. A point I would like to emphasize is the importance of taking into account discourse-pragmatic factors in analyzing the tense, aspect, and in particular the modal system of the language. It is by now well emphasized that modality cannot be regarded as independent of discourse (Lyons, 1977; Palmer, 1986). The connection between modality and aspect in fact resides in the fact that both function to bring forth the subjectivity of the speaker. Tense, as a deictic category, again serves to organize temporal relationships around the subject taken as a referent. The fact that temporal reference in general is a primary domain via which subjectivity enters into language has best been expressed by Benveniste who states that (1971, p.227) "Ultimately, human temporality with all its linguistic apparatus reveals the subjectivity inherent in the very using of language". In conclusion, I hope that this paper has revealed the necessity for more systematic analyses of the thense-aspect-mood system in Turkish within a perspective not determined by the categories of the Indo-European languages, in order to explain the intricacies of a most interesting system.

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