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학술연구/단체지원/교육 등 연구자 활동을 지속하도록 DBpia가 지원하고 있어요.
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연구자들이 자신의 연구와 전문성을 널리 알리고, 새로운 협력의 기회를 만들 수 있는 네트워킹 공간이에요.
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초록· 키워드
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The Chongsindae or Chonggunwianfu had been persecuted as sexual labourers for the Japanese troops before and during the Second World War. Many comfort women from Asian and European countries are still suffering psychological and physical agony. An estimate of 80,000 to 200,000 military comfort women had been taken from Korea. The comfort women were forced to have sex with dozens of soldiers and were treated as prisoners in comfort stations. The Chongsindae was not a simple prostitution system but an organized rape against women, sponsored by a state.
The purpose of this paper is to analyse which crimes could be applicable to the perpetrators. In this paper, I discussed some constituent elements of war crimes, genocide and crimes against humanity in the perspective of international humanitarian law and international criminal law.
First of all, the Japanese military might not be prosecuted for war crimes. Firstly, Article 147 of the Fourth Geneva Convention in 1949 does not stipulate rape during war as a grave breach of the Convention. Secondly, the Chongsindae may not fall into the category of inhuman treatment of a "protected person" in the Convention.
In the case of genocide, the arguments are likely to concentrate on the need to prove "the intent" to destroy a national, ethnical, racial or religious group. It is difficult to prove the fact that the Korean military comfort women were taken out to battlefields as a way of destroying the entire Korean race. Thus, the Chongsindae may not be applicable to genocide.
As for crimes against humanity, the Chongsindae had been systematically and massively raped by Japanese soldiers. The number of the military comfort women is as huge as 200,000. It was the grave violation of fundamental human rights against any civilian population. The heinous atrocities of the Japanese military against the Chongsindae amounts to shock the conscience of mankind. Consequently, the Chongsindae as military sexual slavery constitutes crime against humanity.
The purpose of this paper is to analyse which crimes could be applicable to the perpetrators. In this paper, I discussed some constituent elements of war crimes, genocide and crimes against humanity in the perspective of international humanitarian law and international criminal law.
First of all, the Japanese military might not be prosecuted for war crimes. Firstly, Article 147 of the Fourth Geneva Convention in 1949 does not stipulate rape during war as a grave breach of the Convention. Secondly, the Chongsindae may not fall into the category of inhuman treatment of a "protected person" in the Convention.
In the case of genocide, the arguments are likely to concentrate on the need to prove "the intent" to destroy a national, ethnical, racial or religious group. It is difficult to prove the fact that the Korean military comfort women were taken out to battlefields as a way of destroying the entire Korean race. Thus, the Chongsindae may not be applicable to genocide.
As for crimes against humanity, the Chongsindae had been systematically and massively raped by Japanese soldiers. The number of the military comfort women is as huge as 200,000. It was the grave violation of fundamental human rights against any civilian population. The heinous atrocities of the Japanese military against the Chongsindae amounts to shock the conscience of mankind. Consequently, the Chongsindae as military sexual slavery constitutes crime against humanity.
목차
Ⅰ. 머리말
Ⅱ. 종군위안부에 대한 처우
Ⅲ. 범죄구성요건해당성
Ⅳ. 맺음말
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