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논문 기본 정보
- 자료유형
- 학술저널
- 저자정보
- 발행연도
- 2001.12
- 수록면
- 77 - 104 (28page)
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초록· 키워드
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As a rule under customary international law, diplomatic protection is to be understood as the protection given by a State to nationals against a violation of international law by another State. Diplomatic protection is a procedural corollary to the international responsibility of States.
The legal institution of diplomatic protection has been influenced by some important changes in the international legal community, e.g. by the constantly growing interdependence, by the development of human rights, and by attempts to raise individuals more and more to the status of subjects of international law. Diplomatic protection is, however, still mainly based on customary international law.
Under customary international law, States are entitled to protect only those individuals with whom they have a special relationship through nationality. A State has the right but not the duty to grant diplomatic protection to its nationals. There are two prerequisites for the exercise of diplomatic protection: One is the rule of continuous nationality. And the other is the rule of exhaustion of local remedies.
The institution of diplomatic protection serves certain purposes which are essential in the international legal community. Diplomatic protection is a means to safeguard various important benefits for individuals which arise from traditional treaties or from a minimum standard of justice.
But the institution of diplomatic protection has been open to serious criticism from the theoretical or the practical point of view. It often produces extreme hardship or outright injustice in its exercise. And there are many problems, flaws and controversies as to the institution of diplomatic protection.
The most important problem of diplomatic protection is concerned with the use of force or its abuse for intervention in the domestic matters of other State. The rule of continuous nationality, the rule of exhaustion of local remedies, and the legality of Calvo clause can produce many points at issue in the theory and exercise of diplomatic protection.
In 1996, the International Law Commission(ILC) identified the topic of diplomatic protection as the object of codification and progressive development of international law, and has attempted to write out the Draft Articles on diplomatic protection since then. The ILC has taken the view that diplomatic protection might be employed as a means to advancing the protection of human rights in the new millennium.
This work, however, could be successfully accomplished on the ground of endeavoring to solve and clear up the problems and flaws of the institution of diplomatic protection under customary international law.
The legal institution of diplomatic protection has been influenced by some important changes in the international legal community, e.g. by the constantly growing interdependence, by the development of human rights, and by attempts to raise individuals more and more to the status of subjects of international law. Diplomatic protection is, however, still mainly based on customary international law.
Under customary international law, States are entitled to protect only those individuals with whom they have a special relationship through nationality. A State has the right but not the duty to grant diplomatic protection to its nationals. There are two prerequisites for the exercise of diplomatic protection: One is the rule of continuous nationality. And the other is the rule of exhaustion of local remedies.
The institution of diplomatic protection serves certain purposes which are essential in the international legal community. Diplomatic protection is a means to safeguard various important benefits for individuals which arise from traditional treaties or from a minimum standard of justice.
But the institution of diplomatic protection has been open to serious criticism from the theoretical or the practical point of view. It often produces extreme hardship or outright injustice in its exercise. And there are many problems, flaws and controversies as to the institution of diplomatic protection.
The most important problem of diplomatic protection is concerned with the use of force or its abuse for intervention in the domestic matters of other State. The rule of continuous nationality, the rule of exhaustion of local remedies, and the legality of Calvo clause can produce many points at issue in the theory and exercise of diplomatic protection.
In 1996, the International Law Commission(ILC) identified the topic of diplomatic protection as the object of codification and progressive development of international law, and has attempted to write out the Draft Articles on diplomatic protection since then. The ILC has taken the view that diplomatic protection might be employed as a means to advancing the protection of human rights in the new millennium.
This work, however, could be successfully accomplished on the ground of endeavoring to solve and clear up the problems and flaws of the institution of diplomatic protection under customary international law.
목차
Ⅰ. 서론
Ⅱ. 외교적 보호의 기초 및 전제조건
Ⅲ. 외교적 보호제도의 관련문제
Ⅳ. 결론
Summary
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