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This study purpose on the review of contemporary reform of National Universities in Japan. On 25 January 2001, MEXT(the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology) drew up “the Education Reform Plan for the 21st Century(The Rainbow Plan -the Seven Priority Strategies)” which maps out specific measures and issues of educational reforms. This paper focuses on the three points as follows;
First, I described the brief historical perspective on higher education. As the environment surrounding universities goes through drastic changes, such as rapid social changes, internationalization and globalization. In the 21st century, and the emergence of the “knowledge based society”, the role of universities in charge of ‘the creation and conveying of knowledge’ is exceedingly important for Japan.
Second, it has been pointed out the process of changing policies in national universities. Under the “Policies for the Structural Reform of Universities” of June 2001, the reform of universities has been further accelerated as follows; ① Turning National Universities into Corporations, ② Reorganization and Consolidation of National Universities.
Third, it's about the building a new system to secure the quality of universities. ① by giving individual national university corporation status independence and autonomy in decisions of budgets and organizations of each university are to be significantly enhanced. ② introduction of new management style similar to private companies is strongly emphasized. ③ systematic participation of persons outside the university in management of the university is established. ④ all teaching and clerical staffs will become non-civil servant in the new corporations. ⑤ the third party evaluation system will be introduced. The main point of this reform was to increase the power of the president of university and to reduce the power of each faculty.
The higher education reform starts out to consider the social responsibility in research and to confirm the international competition. As described above national universities in Japan are now entering a new era of evaluation and competition. Universities, whose intellectual activities play an important role in efforts to lead the development of society, will need to consider not only the quantity of knowledge but also the comprehensive “intelligence” from various points of view. Higher education will be urged to advance its structural reform to further strengthen intellectual activities in preparation for the new era of “intelligence” restructuring.
First, I described the brief historical perspective on higher education. As the environment surrounding universities goes through drastic changes, such as rapid social changes, internationalization and globalization. In the 21st century, and the emergence of the “knowledge based society”, the role of universities in charge of ‘the creation and conveying of knowledge’ is exceedingly important for Japan.
Second, it has been pointed out the process of changing policies in national universities. Under the “Policies for the Structural Reform of Universities” of June 2001, the reform of universities has been further accelerated as follows; ① Turning National Universities into Corporations, ② Reorganization and Consolidation of National Universities.
Third, it's about the building a new system to secure the quality of universities. ① by giving individual national university corporation status independence and autonomy in decisions of budgets and organizations of each university are to be significantly enhanced. ② introduction of new management style similar to private companies is strongly emphasized. ③ systematic participation of persons outside the university in management of the university is established. ④ all teaching and clerical staffs will become non-civil servant in the new corporations. ⑤ the third party evaluation system will be introduced. The main point of this reform was to increase the power of the president of university and to reduce the power of each faculty.
The higher education reform starts out to consider the social responsibility in research and to confirm the international competition. As described above national universities in Japan are now entering a new era of evaluation and competition. Universities, whose intellectual activities play an important role in efforts to lead the development of society, will need to consider not only the quantity of knowledge but also the comprehensive “intelligence” from various points of view. Higher education will be urged to advance its structural reform to further strengthen intellectual activities in preparation for the new era of “intelligence” restructuring.
#21세기 교육신생 플랜(일명 레인보우 플랜)
#독립행정법인화
#국립대학법인
#대학(국립대학)의 구조개혁 방침
#국립대학의 통합ㆍ연휴ㆍ연합
#제3자 평가
#중핵적인 연구거점(Center of Excellence)
#경영협의회
#역원회
#교육연구평의회
#국립대학법인평가위원회 등
#“the Education Reform Plan for the 21st Century(The Rainbow Plan-The Seven Priority Strategies)”
#the Independent Administrative Corporations
#National Universities Corporations
#Reorganization and Consolidation of National Universities
#Outside Third Party Evaluation System
#COE(Center of Excellence) Program
목차
Ⅰ. 머리말
Ⅱ. 고등교육 개혁의 역사적 조망
Ⅲ. 일본 국립대학의 구조개혁
Ⅳ. 맺음말 : 일본의 국립대학 개혁이 갖는 대학사적 의미
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