家禽에서의 營養素利用性에 미치는 볏짚構成分의 影響을 考察하기 위하여 증류수 혹은 0.25N NaClO₂ 800㎖當 볏짚 100g의 比率로 浸漬하여 135℃ 3.2㎏/㎠의 歷力밑에서 各各 30, 60 및 120分 autoclave를 利用하여 加熱하고 洗滌 乾燥 (증류수 혹은 NaClO₂-30, 60 및 120-볏짚) NDF, ADF 및 리그닌量을 調査하였다. 갓부화한 單冠白色 레그흔 숫병아리에 10日間 市販 병아리飼料를 給與하고 계속해서 8日間 밀기울(基礎), 섬유소(綿粉), 무처리볏짚, 증류수-30-볏짚 및 NaClO₂-30-볏짚이 各各 17.0% 含有된 實驗飼料를 給與했다.
증류수-30, 60 및 120-볏짚의 乾物損失率은 各各 9.7, 12.1 및 13.3%였으나, NaClO₂-30, 60 및 120-볏짚에서는 各各 8.8, 18.7 및 19.4%로, NaClO₂-60 및 120-볏짚에서는 증류수볏짚의 1.5倍가 되었다. 증류수 및 NaClO₂ 볏짚의 乾物損失은 主로 無處理볏짚의 細胞內容物과 헤미셀루로스의 溶出에 基因하는 것이었다.
증류수-30-볏짚을 給與한 병아리는 無處理 혹은 NaClO₂-30-볏짚을 給與한것에 比해서 增體量이 높고 飼料要求率이 낮았다. 窒素밸런스 및 蓄積率은 증류수-30-볏짚을 給與한것에서 無處理 및 NaClO₂-30-볏짚을 給與한것에 比해서 높았고, 粗脂肪消化率은 높아지는 傾向이 있었다.
無處理, 증류수-30 및 NaClO₂-30-볏짚을 給與한 병아리의 MEn/GE는 各各 71.9, 72.9 및 70.4%였으며, 代謝體重(㎏0.75)當 MEn攝取量은 各各 307.3, 296.2 및 291.4㎉가 되었다. 이때 ㎏0.75當 1日 蛋白質蓄積量은 各各 1.647, 1.969 및 1.560g이었다. 한편 증류수-30-볏짚을 給與한 병아리의 蛋白質 1g蓄積에 相當하는 MEn는 30.56㎉로써 無處理 및 NaClO₂-30-볏짚을 給與한것의 36.90 및 37.58㎉보다 낮았다.
따라서 無處理볏짚에는 에너지利用性 혹은 蛋白質蓄積에 影響을 마치는 物質 혹은 性質이 存在하며, 이것은 볏짚을 끓임으로써 除去된다는것을 示애하고 있다.
In order to observe an effect of the components of rice straw on the utilization of nutrient in chicks, the rice straw of l00g were digested in 800㎖ of distilled water or 0.25N NaClO₂ at 135 C and in the pressure of 3.2㎏/㎠ by autoclave during 30, 60 and 120 minutes(water or NaClO₂-30, 60 and 120-RS). The contents of neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF) and lignin were analyzed in the washed and dried rice straw meal. Hatched single comb white Leghorn male chicks were fed with a commercial chick mash for the first 10 days and five kinds of experimetal diets for the next 8 days which contained 17.0% of wheat bran (basal), cellulose (cotton meal), non-treated RS, water-30-RS and NaClO₂ 30-RS, respectively.
The water-30, 60 and 120-RS had lossed 9.7, 12.1 and 13.3% of dry matter, respectively, while NaClO₂-30-RS had similar contents of dry matter loss with those of water-30-RS, and NaClO₂-60 and 120-RS had lossed 1.5 times of dry matter comparing with those of water-60 and 120-RS, respectively. And the. dry matter loss of the water-RS or NaClO₂-RS was mainly originated from the extractable cell contents and hemicellulose of the non-treated RS.
Birds fed water-30-RS diets had higher body weight gain and lower feed conversion than those of birds fed non-treated and NaClO₂-30-RS diets during 8 days of experimental feeding. Also nitrogen balance and retention rate of birds fed water- 30-RS was higher comparing with those of birds non-treated and NaClO₂-30-RS. And digestibility of crude fat had been shown a highering trend in birds water-30-RS.
The rate of metabolizable energy (MEn) to gross energy (GE) of birds fed non-treated RS, water-30-RS and NaClO₂-30-RS diets were 71.9, 72.9 and 70.4%, respectively, and energy intake per metabole body size (㎏ 0.75) were reached to 307.3, 296.2 and 291.4㎉ per day, respectively. And daily protein retention per ㎏0.75 were 1.647, 1.969 and 1.560g, respectively. Then 30.56㎉ of MEn required for 1g of protein retention in birds fed water-30-RS, which was lower than 36.90 and 37.56㎉ of birds fed non-treated and NaClO₂- 30-RS. respectively.
The results seems to indicate that non-treated rice straw had a substance or characters which affect the energy unilization or protein retention of diets and which Will be eliminated by boiling in water.