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자료유형
학술저널
저자정보
김석환 (서울대)
저널정보
역사학회 역사학보 歷史學報 第265輯
발행연도
2025.3
수록면
335 - 371 (37page)
DOI
10.16912/tkhr.2025.03.265.335

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Research on how the Mongols issued orders and developed a chancery system in the western part of the Chagatai Ulus has been limited, mainly because of the extreme paucity of historical sources. This article tries to overcome that problem by examining orders and the chancery system in the Timurid Empire which inherited many of the Chagatai institutions. The core methodology involves identifying common features shared by the Timurid Empire, the eastern Chagatai Ulus, the early Mongol Empire, and other uluses.
First, orders in the Timurid Empire were written in Mongolian and Türkic using the Uyghur script, while Persian and Türkic were transcribed in Arabic-Persian letters. Second, the overall structure of Timurid orders closely resembles that of the Mongol Empire. Fundamental elements, their sequence, and specialized terminology were preserved under Timurid rule. Third, the tradition of defining “Order Type”—a key feature in Mongol Empire orders—continued in the Timurid Empire. They used söz (the equivalent of üge in Mongolian) for “Order Type,” instead of jarligh/yarligh . Lastly, document layouts (such as indenting certain lines) remained almost identical to those of the Mongol Empire. Terms for seals—nishan and al tamgha—and their use under the Timurids also show strong continuity.
These findings suggest that the western Chagatai Ulus adhered to much the same procedures and administrative structures as the eastern Chagatai Ulus and the broader Mongol Empire. The chancery system, functioning as an “Imperial Institution,” appears to have been consistently applied in the western Chagatai Ulus as well.

목차

Ⅰ. 머리말
Ⅱ. 작성 언어·문자의 선택과 원칙
Ⅲ. 명령문 구조의 동일성
Ⅳ. ‘자를릭/야를릭’과 ‘우게/쇠즈’
Ⅴ. 들여쓰기와 인장
Ⅵ. 맺음말
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