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논문 기본 정보

자료유형
학술저널
저자정보
Kent Calder (Johns Hopkins University) 백민정 (한국국방연구원 안보전략연구센터)
저널정보
한국국방연구원 The Korean Journal of Defense Analysis The Korean Journal of Defense Analysis Vol.36 No.1
발행연도
2024.3
수록면
103 - 120 (18page)
DOI
10.22883/kjda.2024.36.1.005

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Undersea cables have been a strategic resource for major nation-states over the years. The first international undersea cable was laid between Europe and North America in 1858, just over a decade after the first telegraph message was sent in 1844. With the advent of fiber-optic technology in the late 1980s, undersea cables took on a drastically enhanced functional role in the global political economy. Fiber-optic communications led to an explosive expansion of Internet connectivity, which inevitably flowed beneath the seas due to its cost-effectiveness and freedom from regulation. Despite its critical and rapidly increasing global importance, the undersea cable network has faced formidable challenges in its evolution over the past three decades. Most importantly, there needs to be a clearly defined, practical legal framework that regulates this profitable, high-growth, and strategically important sector. This lack of regulation has proved both a blessing and a curse for Big Tech firms that are the principal owners of undersea cables, such as Google, Facebook, Amazon, and Microsoft. A second major challenge has been the rise of mercantilist challengers to Big Tech preeminence, especially from state-sponsored Chinese enterprises. The Chinese share of international subsea fiber-optic cable has doubled over the past decade. China has also broadened cable coverage systematically to developing nations of Africa, South Asia, and Latin America, with broader geopolitical implications. Concrete suggestions on how to better protect sensitive data mainly when they are physically located in international waters inside undersea cables, are explored in this article.

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