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논문 기본 정보
- 자료유형
- 학술저널
- 저자정보
- 발행연도
- 2022.1
- 수록면
- 20 - 29 (10page)
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Stem cell-based therapy is a promising approach for treating avariety of disorders, including acute brain insults and neurodegenerativediseases. Stem cells such as mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs) secrete extracellular vesicles (EVs), circular membranefragments (30 nm?1 μm) that are shed from the cell surface,carrying several therapeutic molecules such as proteins andmicroRNAs. Because EV-based therapy is superior to cell therapyin terms of scalable production, biodistribution, and safetyprofiles, it can be used to treat brain diseases as an alternativeto stem cell therapy. This review presents evidences evaluatingthe role of stem cell-derived EVs in stroke, traumatic braininjury, and degenerative brain diseases, such as Alzheimer’sdisease and Parkinson’ disease. In addition, stem cell-derivedEVs have better profiles in biocompatibility, immunogenicity,and safety than those of small chemical and macromolecules.
The advantages and disadvantages of EVs compared with otherstrategies are discussed. Even though EVs obtained from nativestem cells have potential in the treatment of brain diseases, thesuccessful clinical application is limited by the short half-life,limited targeting, rapid clearance after application, and insufficientpayload. We discuss the strategies to enhance the efficacyof EV therapeutics. Finally, EV therapies have yet to be approvedby the regulatory authorities. Major issues are discussed togetherwith relevant advances in the clinical application of EV therapeutics.
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