본 연구의 목적은 단기상담의 성과 평가 모형을 개발함으로써 단기상담의 성과를 평가할 수 있는 가능성을 높이는 데 있다. 본 연구는 단기상담과 상담 성과에 대한 문헌고찰 결과를 바탕으로 단기상담 성과 평가자, 평가 시기, 평가 내용, 평가 방법의 4가지 차원으로 모형을 구성하였으며, 문헌고찰 및 심층면담 결과를 반영하여 평가시기에 따라 평가자별 평가 내용 및 방법을 도출하였다. 1차와 2차 델파이 조사로 평가 내용의 타당성이 검토되었으며, 3차 델파이 조사로 각 평가 내용에 따라 적절한 평가 방법이 선정되었다. 모형의 초안을 사례에 적용한 상담자와 내담자들의 의견을 바탕으로 모형을 수정 및 보완하는 과정을 거쳐 최종 모형이 완성되었다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 단기상담의 성과 평가 모형의 차원은 평가 시기, 평가자, 평가 방법, 평가 내용으로 구성되었다. 평가 시기는 과정 평가와 최종 평가, 평가자는 상담자, 내담자, 제 3자, 평가 방법은 자기보고, 상담자의 질문, 행동관찰, 질문지법, 평가 내용은 평가 시기 및 평가자에 따라 구성되었다. 둘째, 평가시기에 따라 과정 평가에서는 ‘작업동맹’, ‘자기수용’, ‘목표 설정’, ‘행동 변화’의 영역, 최종 평가에서는 ‘증상 혹은 기능 수준의 변화’, ‘상담만족도’, ‘개인적 변화’, ‘사회적 관계 변화’의 영역이 도출되었다. 셋째, 평가자에 따라 도출된 평가 내용은 서로 유사한 내용도 있었지만 다른 내용도 있었다. 넷째, 평가자에 따라 평가내용에 적절한 평가 방법으로 상담자는 상담자의 질문, 내담자는 자기보고, 제 3자는 행동관찰이 주로 많이 도출되었다. 다섯째, 사례 적용 결과 상담자와 내담자가 함께 본 모형을 활용하여 상담 성과에 대해 논의할 수 있으며, 상담자와 내담자가 유사하게 보는 내용도 있지만 서로 다르게 인식하는 내용도 나타났다.
The purpose of this study is to increase the likelihood of assessing the outcome of brief counseling thereby developing a brief counseling outcome assessment model. As the research process, first of all, based on the results of the literature review, the model was constructed in the dimensions of the assessor and the timing of the assessment, the assessment content and the assessment method. Assessment contents and methods for each timing of assessment according to assessor were drawn through the results of the literature review and in-depth interview. This study examined the validity of the assessment contents in the first and second Delphi surveys. In the third Delphi survey, the most appropriate assessment method was selected according to the each assessment content. Applying the draft model to the actual case, we received feedback from our counselors and clients. This study completed the final model by modifying and supplementing the draft model based on the opinions of counselors and clients. The results of this study are as follows: First, brief counseling outcome assessment model was constructed in the dimensions of the timing of assessment, assessor, assessment contents, and assessment method. The timing of assessment consists of a process assessment and a final assessment, and the assessor is composed of counselors, clients, and third parties. The assessment method consists of self-reporting, a counselor’s question, an observation of behavior, and a questionnaire. The assessment contents were organized according to the timing of the assessment and the assessor. Second, in the process assessment model according to the timing of the assessment, assessment contents by area of ‘work alliance’, ‘setting goals’, ‘self-acceptance’ and ‘change of behavior’ were derived. The final assessment model produced an area-specific assessment of ‘change in symptom or functional level’, ‘counseling satisfaction’, ‘personal change’ and ‘change in social relationships.’ Third, the assessment contents were derived according to the assessor who assesses the outcomes of brief counseling. There were the same outcomes of brief counseling that could be assessed by assessor, but there were other things depending on the assessor. Fourth, the appropriate assessment method for the evaluation according to the assessors such as; counselor’s questions for the counselor, self-reporting for the client and behavioral observation for the third party were mainly derived respectively. Fifth, as a result of the application of the draft model to the actual counseling case, the counseling outcomes were assessed and discussed by the counselor and clients together. Some assessments were similar to those seen by counselors and clients, but others were perceived differently.