The period of China’s obligatory education is 9 years (from the age of 6 to 15) and students spend 6 (or 5) years at elementary school, 3 (or 4) years at middle school and 3 years at high school. The basics of education courses are made by the Chinese government and on the basis of those, each local government set up its own standards. Educational goals are presented in the Constitution, general educational goals contained in the Education Law, and the standards of education courses. The number of school subjects in elementary schools is 8, including Ethics and Thought. In middle school, 12 school subjects are taught, including Thought and Politics. Schools adopt the semester system and the evaluation of students is done by absolute evaluation. Evaluation is done by the maximum 100 point system or 4-5 level system. Most elementary schools adopt the maximum 100 point system and most middle schools adopt the 4-5 level system. National textbooks had been used previously, but authorized textbooks replaced them and they have been used in all schools, including elementary and middle schools, since 2001. The textbook contents changed from rough instruction of subjects to curriculum standard. After the test operation in 2001, the present structure and system of education subjects were established. More than 1 textbooks can be published for one subject, and qualified organizations or individuals can apply for publication. Since China adopts 9 years’ compulsory education system, textbooks are basically free, but some are sold in lower-price. Textbooks aim at improving qualities, developing all aspects of mind and body, and modernizing socialism. The period of China’s obligatory education is 9 years (from the age of 6 to 15) and students spend 6 (or 5) years at elementary school, 3 (or 4) years at middle school and 3 years at high school. The basics of education courses are made by the Chinese government and on the basis of those, each local government set up its own standards. Educational goals are presented in the Constitution, general educational goals contained in the Education Law, and the standards of education courses. The number of school subjects in elementary schools is 8, including Ethics and Thought. In middle school, 12 school subjects are taught, including Thought and Politics. Schools adopt the semester system and the evaluation of students is done by absolute evaluation. Evaluation is done by the maximum 100 point system or 4-5 level system. Most elementary schools adopt the maximum 100 point system and most middle schools adopt the 4-5 level system. National textbooks had been used previously, but authorized textbooks replaced them and they have been used in all schools, including elementary and middle schools, since 2001. The textbook contents changed from rough instruction of subjects to curriculum standard. After the test operation in 2001, the present structure and system of education subjects were established. More than 1 textbooks can be published for one subject, and qualified organizations or individuals can apply for publication. Since China adopts 9 years’ compulsory education system, textbooks are basically free, but some are sold in lower-price. Textbooks aim at improving qualities, developing all aspects of mind and body, and modernizing socialism. In this paper, I have studied on the curriculum of basic education and education reform in China.