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Some hot springs located in the west of Turkeywere investigated with respect to the presence of thermophilicmicroorganisms. Based on phenotyping characteristics and16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, 16 of the isolatesbelonged to the genus Geobacillus and grew optimaly atabout 60oC on nutrient agar. 16S rRNA gene sequenceanalysis showed that these isolates resembled Geobacillusspecies by ≥97%, but SDS-PAGE profiles of these 16isolates difer from some of the other species of the genusGeobacillus. However, it is also known that analysis of 16SrRNA gene sequences may be insuficient to distinguishbetween some species. It is proposed that recN sequencecomparisons could accurately measure genome similaritiesfor the Geobacillus genus. Based on recN sequence analysis,isolates 11, IT3, and 12 are strains of G. stearothermophilus;isolate I4.3 is a strain of G. thermodenitrificans; isolates 9.1,analysis. The presence of xylanase and arabinofuranosidaseactivities, and their optimum temperature and pH were alsoinvestigated. These results showed that 7 of the strains haveboth xylanase and arabinofuranosidase activities, 4 of themhas only xylanase, and the remaning 5 strains have neither ofthese activities. The isolates 9.1, 7.1, and 3.3 have the highesttemperature optima (80oC), and 7.2, 9.1, AO4, 9.2, and AO17have the highest pH optima (pH 8) of xylanase. Isolates 7.2,activities at 75oC, and only isolate AC15 has the lowest pH of5.5.

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