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학술저널
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한국포르투갈-브라질학회 포르투갈-브라질 연구 포르투갈-브라질 연구 제13권 제2호
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2016.1
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135 - 161 (27page)

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Since the recovery of democracy in 1985, Brazil has been experiencing the president impeachment of Fernando Collor in 1992 and Dilma Rousseff which is under progress. Ex-president Henrique Cardoso suffered impeachment accusation 17 times and 34 times with Lula. Pre57sident Dilma Rousseff suffered impeachment accusation 32 times. President impeachment in Brazil is a two-track system: political and legal impeachment. The main reason for political impeachment is based on responsibility crime decided finally by the Federal Senate. On the other hand, legal impeachment is a criminal crimes which is judged by the Federal Supreme Court (STF). Federal Senate exercises pro tempore judicial function for impeachment. Impeachment of the President in this respect has two implications in relation to the Brazilian democracy. One is that democracy is well settled in Brazil as the withdrawal of the corrupt president has been done in accordance with the constitutional order and also without the intervention of military power. This means that the principle of checks and balances between the authorities in Consitutional order is functioning. The other is that if the parties' interests are well matched the political impeachment could be possible in any government. Of course the support of public opinion and the media is fundamental. In order for a good functioning of political impeachment of the President, the prosecutor, the police and the media should be operating normally and must have the public trust. In this sense, the federal prosecutors and federal police and the media in Brazil have gained considerable trust from the civil society since 1988 Constitution. This is quite an unusual phenomenon as Latin American countries show usually opposite tendency.

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