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A Critical Review on Dreaming of Butterfly in Zhuangzi : Focused on Recent Debates on 'Wuhua[transformation of things]'
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『장자』 '나비 꿈[胡蝶夢]' 우화의 의미에 대한 비판적 검토 ― '물화(物化)'에 대한 근래의 논의들을 중심으로

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Type
Academic journal
Author
Journal
Korean Society of Confucian Studies 孔子學 孔子學 제34호 KCI Accredited Journals
Published
2018.1
Pages
45 - 75 (31page)

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A Critical Review on Dreaming of Butterfly in Zhuangzi : Focused on Recent Debates on 'Wuhua[transformation of things]'
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Dreaming of a butterfly, which is in the last chapter of “Discussion on Making All Things Equal”[齊物論], Zhuangzi, has been considered to be a primary fable which shows the fundamental subject of Zhuangzi thought compressively as the soaring of a roc in “Free and Easy Wandering”[逍遙遊] has. This is because it has been acknowledged to express the logic of ‘All things being the same[萬物齊同]’ through the story of a mutual transformation between Zhuangzi and butterfly. However, because of the inconsistency between the phrase “whether Zhuangzi was dreaming of being a butterfly, or whether a butterfly was dreaming of being Zhuangzi” and “There must be distinction between Zhuangzi and a butterfly”, a new interpretation on this has emerged among recent Zhuangzists. It includes attempts to change the sentence structure of ‘butterfly dream’ and to interpret the keyword ‘Transformation of things[物化]’ in negative way, unlike traditional one. But in the new perspective of the gut issue of Zhangzi thought, these aspects of butterfly dream can be read coherently without any problem. This perspective regards ‘communication with the other’ as one of important sub themes while admitting that Zhangzi thought pursue a free life which is not tied to any confinement. As it can be found in the critical mind reflected via “In the World of Man”[人間世], free life for which Zhangzi thought seek means an attitude accepting secular values, rather than denying them. Thus, It is indispensable to communicate with others completely in achieving Zhangzi’s free life. Yet, as seen in the anecdote ‘Fasting of the Mind[心齋]’ of “In the World of Man”, this communication in Zhuangzi is mostly represented in the form of ‘emptying oneself’, which means embracing others consummatively by becoming a ‘mirror’ on one’s own. Adopting this access, it can be said that there lies correlation between ‘butterfly dream’ and ‘I have lost myself[吾喪我]’ since the former signify consummate communication between the subject and the object metaphorically as the latter does in the beginning of “Discussion on Making All Things Equal”. In this point, the inconsistency between two phrases can be read as a representation of complete communication accomplished by adhering to ontological division of the subject and object, not a disconnection in context.

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