교실관리는 심리적, 상담적 접근에 근거하여 학생들을 통솔하고 교육하는 활동으로 학습지도 뿐 아니라 생활지도와 직결된다. 특히 학교폭력은 생활지도의 중요한 부분으로서 교실관리의 정도와 유형에 따라 그 양상이 달라질 수 있다. 본 연구는 초등학생들이 지각한 교실관리에 따라 학교폭력이 어떻게 차이 나는지를 살펴보았다. 교실관리는 상벌 부과, 타율 예방(교사와의 관계, 공동체 활동), 자율 예방(갈등 해결, 분노 조절, 공감, 의사소통, 민주 시민성)으로 유형화하였다. 학교폭력은 경미한 학교폭력(경미 가해, 경미 피해)과 심각한 학교폭력(심각 가해, 심각 피해)으로 구분하였다. 연구는 서울, 경기, 강원지역의 3학년과 6학년 초등학생 712명을 대상으로 질문지 조사에 의하여 이루어졌다. 연구 결과 학생들이 지각하는교실관리 유형은 여성, 40대 이상, 21년 이상의 경력, 서울 지역의 교사들에게서 더 다양하게나타났다. 모든 유형의 학교폭력에서 남학생이 여학생보다 더 높은 발생 비율을 보였으며, 3학년은 심각 피해와 경미 피해를, 6학년은 경미 가해를 더 많이 보였다. 초등학생이 지각한교실관리는 경미한 학교폭력을 감소시키는데 효과를 보였으며, 주로 타율 예방의 교사와의관계, 공동체 활동, 자율 예방의 의사소통, 그리고 교실관리 총합이 경미 가해를 줄였다. 교실관리는 초등학생의 성별과 학년 중 여학생과 6학년의 경미 가해를 주로 감소시켰으며, 특히 타율적 예방의 교사와의 관계, 자율적 예방의 의사소통이 효과를 보였고, 민주시민성은여학생에게만, 공동체 활동은 6학년에게만 효과를 보였다. 상벌은 여학생의 경미피해를, 6학년의 경미가해를 감소시키는데 효과를 보였다.
The goal of this study was to know how school violence would be differed by classroom management perceived by elementary school students. Classroom management is consisted of three kinds: praise and punishment, passive prevention, and active prevention. Praise and punishment comprise all kinds of compensations and consequences. Passive prevention includes relation with teacher and community activity. Active prevention includes conflict resolution, anxiety control, sympathy, communication, and democratic citizenship. School violence comprises attack and damage and it is also devided to minor and severe one. Therefore, school violence has Four kinds: severe attack, minor attack, severe damage, minor damage. Severe school violence means severe attack and damage. Minor school violence means minor attack and damage. The subject of study were 712 elementary school students(boy 367, girl, 335; third grade 343, sixth grade 368; Seoul 213, Kyoungki 236, Gangwon 260). Quastionare survey was used to get results. The results of this study were like these. First, teachers used diverse classroom management strategies and teachers who were women, over 40 years old, had over 20 careers and were in Seoul used more classroom management kinds than others. Second, boys committed all kinds of school violence more than girls. Third grade students showed more severe and minor damage and sixth grade students showed more attack. Third, minor school violence was decreased by the relation with teacher, community activity, communication and total classroom management. Specially, the effect of classroom management appeared in girls and sixth grade students. Relation with teachers and communication were effective to lower the minor attack of girls and sixth grade students. Democratic citizenship among active prevention was more effective to lessen minor attack of girls and communicity activity was more effective to sixth grade students. Praise and punishment were effective to girls’minor damage and sixth grade students’minor attack. The more classroom management was diverse and complex, the lesser school violence was. This fact shows that more classroom management can decrease school violence. Specially, relation with teacher and communication are very effective to reduce minor attack of students in Korea. However, it is necessary for researchers and teachers to develop more diverse prevention program to school violence focused on boys and lower grade students. The students' social status of classroom, the emotional and social characteristics of students and region should be considered in developing school violence prevention program, also.