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Establishment and Networking of Incheon Area Refugees during the Liberation and Korean War Periods
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해방~한국전쟁기 인천 지역 월남민의 정착과 네트워크 형성

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Type
Academic journal
Author
Journal
연세대학교 국학연구원 동방학지 동방학지 제180호 KCI Accredited Journals
Published
2017.1
Pages
177 - 211 (35page)

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Establishment and Networking of Incheon Area Refugees during the Liberation and Korean War Periods
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This article analyzes the settlement process of the refugees who came to South Korea during the liberation and the Korean War period, mainly in the Incheon area. Many refugees passed by or stayed in Incheon after the liberation. A lot of Pyungan-do inhabitants came in before the Korean War, while the people of Hwanghae-do flowed in during the war. Prior to the war, the Pyungan-do people—i.e., the right-wing youth organizations—proved their "loyalty" to the Republic of Korea, and secured grounds for settlement in Incheon. They maintained their identity in the two areas of religion and education. Upon arriving in Incheon, they established a Presbyterian Church and launched educational projects based on church connections. The outbreak of the Korean War and the sudden change in the front line drew in a large number of refugees. Many Hwanghae-do residents fled to Incheon. Although they were poor, Incheon was a city with economic potential. They took control of Incheon's commercial areas. Many of the Hwanghae-do people participated in the war period as irregular military forces. The experience of three years of irregular warfare formed a basis for strong anti-communism. As they were discharged, they usually settled in Incheon, and their guerrilla experience was sublimated into the collective memory of the Hwanghae-do people.

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