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자료유형
학술저널
저자정보
Slavoj Žižek (The University of London)
저널정보
경희대학교 인류사회재건연구원 OUGHTOPIA OUGHTOPIA Vol.34 No.1
발행연도
2019.5
수록면
171 - 190 (20page)
DOI
10.32355/OUGHTOPIA.2019.05.34.1.171

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Can the distinction between proletarians proper (exploited workers) and the nomadic (less than) proletarians be somehow blurred in a new more encompassing category of today’s proletarians? From the strict Marxian standpoint, the answer is a resounding NO: for Marx, proletarians are not only “the poor” but those who are, by way of their role in the production process, reduced to subjectivity deprived of all substantial content; as such, they are also disciplined by the production process to become bearers of their future power (the “dictatorship of the proletariat”). Those who are outside the production process – and thereby outside a place in social totality – are treated by Marx as “lumpenproletarians,” and he doesn’t see in them any emancipatory potential; he rather treats them with great suspicion, as the force which is as a rule mobilized and corrupted by reactionary forces. Things got complicated with the victory of the October Revolution when Bolsheviks exerted power in a country where not only the large majority of the population were small farmers (and Bolsheviks gained power precisely by promising them land!), but where, as the result of violent upheavals during the civil war, millions of people found themselves in the position (not of classic lumpenproletarians but) of homeless nomads who were not yet proletarians (reduced to the “nothing” of their working force) but literally less-than-proletarians (less-than-nothing). This article will discuss the way in which Beckett and Platonov deal with working class from different perspectives and how their analyses pave a way towards the possibility of radical politics.

목차

요약
I. Nomadic // Proletarians
II. Total Subsumption Under Capital
III. Against the Populist Temptation

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