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Nguy?n Tru'?ng T? (1830~1871) was a Roman Catholic scholar and reformer during the reign of T? đ?c (r. 1848~1883) of the Nguy?n Dynasty. He was best known for an inexhaustible advocacy of a systematic and progressive reform of Vietnam, criticising the retrograde Confucianism of the Hue court as well as of the intellectual class. Although many Vietnamese and Western scholars have 'intentionally' or 'unintentionally' believed that T?'s reform proposals were not accepted in full by the Hu? court, this view has to be challenged because there is no solid evidence for this a priori belief.
Before 1848, Nguy?n Tru'?ng T? mastered the classical Vietnamese education through traditional means of study. Between 1848 and 1863, he was exposed to a broad range of reform ideas by reading European books in French and in Chinese or Japanese translation. T? began to submit his first petitions to T? đ?c advocating policy reform from 1863. Between this year and his death in 1871, he sent to the Nguy?n court more than fifty-eight petitions.
Primary sources from the Nguy?n court's records suggest that winning the gradual confidence of the mandarin political elite, including T? đ?c, Nguy?n Tru'?ng T?'s ideas and proposals for reform were not completely rejected or ignored. The petitions from T?'s were well received by the emperor, who invited him to court on several occasions. T? đ?c was sufficiently confident of T?'s good intentions that he called on him for state service.
The proposals initiated by Nguy?n Tru'?ng T?'s were not implemented piecemeal. Such ideas as the purchase of modem machinery and textbooks, the propagation of 'new learning' and the improvement of educational system had positive influence in accelerating national reforms and changes, while impeding the extension of French domination over all of Vietnam by the end of the 19th century.
Before 1848, Nguy?n Tru'?ng T? mastered the classical Vietnamese education through traditional means of study. Between 1848 and 1863, he was exposed to a broad range of reform ideas by reading European books in French and in Chinese or Japanese translation. T? began to submit his first petitions to T? đ?c advocating policy reform from 1863. Between this year and his death in 1871, he sent to the Nguy?n court more than fifty-eight petitions.
Primary sources from the Nguy?n court's records suggest that winning the gradual confidence of the mandarin political elite, including T? đ?c, Nguy?n Tru'?ng T?'s ideas and proposals for reform were not completely rejected or ignored. The petitions from T?'s were well received by the emperor, who invited him to court on several occasions. T? đ?c was sufficiently confident of T?'s good intentions that he called on him for state service.
The proposals initiated by Nguy?n Tru'?ng T?'s were not implemented piecemeal. Such ideas as the purchase of modem machinery and textbooks, the propagation of 'new learning' and the improvement of educational system had positive influence in accelerating national reforms and changes, while impeding the extension of French domination over all of Vietnam by the end of the 19th century.
목차
Ⅰ. 머리말
Ⅱ. 19세기 증후반의 응우옌 왕조와 응우옌쯔엉 또
Ⅲ. 응우옌 쯔엉 또의 개혁 운동과 후에(Hu?) 조정
Ⅳ. 맺음말
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UCI(KEPA) : I410-ECN-0101-2012-911-003607100