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This article analyzes Japanese emigration fishing villages in Busan area in the early 20th century. First, it is to show the types of settlements and presents the categorizations of their types of management. Most of the Japanese villages in Busan were built for three years(1906-1908) excepting Jeolyoung-Do which had been built in 1897. The types of settlements were divided into three category like Natural Emigration(Jeolyoung-Do), Assistance Emigration(Yongdang, Hadan, Dadeapho), Mixed Type of the Two. The last one started as Natural type but transformed into Assistance one.
But the Japanese villages in Busan in the colonial era could be categorized on the type of management as follows. First, the type of management on a base. This type had a solid economic bases and showed the consumerism like an urban area. Deabuyn and Jeolyoung-Do were included in this type. Second the type of half peasant & half fishing. This type of villages like Youndang accommodated Japanese people emigrated through the Dongchuck. Third, the type of shipowner. This type had a special managerial structure like that the shipowner rent ships and fishing tools to fishers for appropriating certain fishes. The villages like Hadan having a tendency of business were included in this type.
Second, the currents where the Japanese were from. The followings are the high rankings of region of the emigrated from first to fifth in 1921: ① Hiroshima 15.90%(734 emigrants), ② Nagasaki 13.76%(635 emigrants), ③ Yamaguchi 13.65%(630 emigrants), ④ Okayama 8.92%(412 emigrants), ⑤ Fukuoka 4.76%(220, emigrants). The ratio of these high ranking regions is 57.02%(2,631 emigrants) of total emigrants in those villages and the people from Hiroshima were far in the lead.
The component of the emigrated in each villages is as follows. ① In Deabuyn, both of the people from Fukuoka and Ehime represented 34.21%. ② In Youndang, most of the villagers were from Yamaguchi(46%) and Ohita(44%). ③ In Jeolyoung-Do, the people from four regions as Hiroshima(17.27%), Nagasaki(14.59%), Yamaguchi(13.85%) and Okayama(8.21%) represented more than half, 53.92%. ④ In Hadan, the order is like this; Okayama (37.93%), Gumamoto(15.51%), Nagasaki(11.49%). ⑤ In Dadea-Po, the majorities were from Fukuoka.
Third, the fishing activities of both of the local residents and the Japanese. The Korean fishermen in Busan caught herrings and cods chiefly with a gill net or an Earjeon fishery way. On the contrary, Japanese mainly fished anchovies with Jieymang and herrings with tri-angular set net or pound net. But in 1921, the main fishes in Daebuyn were Japanish spanish, see eel, mackerel; in Yongdang, anchovy, snapper, squid, perch ; in Jeolyoung-Do, twenty kinds of fishes including mackerel, Japanish spanish; In Hadan, eels and carps. The eels caught in Hadan were exported to Manju.
Fourth, the relationship between the people in Busan and the emigrated. Two people not only made joint ventures like youth and adult groups or cooperatives but also fished in cooperations with each other. So Korean were not exploited or plundered unilaterally by Japanese settlers but both of them had good relationships with each other in pursuit of common interests on the ground of "reasonable contract and agreement"
But the Japanese villages in Busan in the colonial era could be categorized on the type of management as follows. First, the type of management on a base. This type had a solid economic bases and showed the consumerism like an urban area. Deabuyn and Jeolyoung-Do were included in this type. Second the type of half peasant & half fishing. This type of villages like Youndang accommodated Japanese people emigrated through the Dongchuck. Third, the type of shipowner. This type had a special managerial structure like that the shipowner rent ships and fishing tools to fishers for appropriating certain fishes. The villages like Hadan having a tendency of business were included in this type.
Second, the currents where the Japanese were from. The followings are the high rankings of region of the emigrated from first to fifth in 1921: ① Hiroshima 15.90%(734 emigrants), ② Nagasaki 13.76%(635 emigrants), ③ Yamaguchi 13.65%(630 emigrants), ④ Okayama 8.92%(412 emigrants), ⑤ Fukuoka 4.76%(220, emigrants). The ratio of these high ranking regions is 57.02%(2,631 emigrants) of total emigrants in those villages and the people from Hiroshima were far in the lead.
The component of the emigrated in each villages is as follows. ① In Deabuyn, both of the people from Fukuoka and Ehime represented 34.21%. ② In Youndang, most of the villagers were from Yamaguchi(46%) and Ohita(44%). ③ In Jeolyoung-Do, the people from four regions as Hiroshima(17.27%), Nagasaki(14.59%), Yamaguchi(13.85%) and Okayama(8.21%) represented more than half, 53.92%. ④ In Hadan, the order is like this; Okayama (37.93%), Gumamoto(15.51%), Nagasaki(11.49%). ⑤ In Dadea-Po, the majorities were from Fukuoka.
Third, the fishing activities of both of the local residents and the Japanese. The Korean fishermen in Busan caught herrings and cods chiefly with a gill net or an Earjeon fishery way. On the contrary, Japanese mainly fished anchovies with Jieymang and herrings with tri-angular set net or pound net. But in 1921, the main fishes in Daebuyn were Japanish spanish, see eel, mackerel; in Yongdang, anchovy, snapper, squid, perch ; in Jeolyoung-Do, twenty kinds of fishes including mackerel, Japanish spanish; In Hadan, eels and carps. The eels caught in Hadan were exported to Manju.
Fourth, the relationship between the people in Busan and the emigrated. Two people not only made joint ventures like youth and adult groups or cooperatives but also fished in cooperations with each other. So Korean were not exploited or plundered unilaterally by Japanese settlers but both of them had good relationships with each other in pursuit of common interests on the ground of "reasonable contract and agreement"
목차
Ⅰ. 머리말
Ⅱ. 이주어촌의 건설과 지역별 현황
Ⅲ. 이주어촌의 경제활동과 존재형태
Ⅳ. 맺음말
【Abstract】
참고문헌 (28)
참고문헌 신청
1. [학술지(정기간행물)] - 金容九 / 1996 / 釜山多大浦ニ於テ本邦漁民ト韓人トノ間ニ鬪爭ニ關テル取調出張報告書 / 韓日外交未刊極秘史料叢書 42 : 392 ~ 399
2. [학술지(정기간행물)] - 金秀姬 / 1994 / 朝鮮開港以後に於ける日本漁民の朝鮮近海漁業の展開 / 朝鮮學報 153
3. [단행본] - 金秀姬 / 1996 / 朝鮮植民地漁業と日本人漁業移民 / 東京經濟大學大學院 博士論文
4. [단행본] - 木村健二著 / 1989 / 在朝日本人の社會史 / 未來社 : 49 ~ 52
5. [보고서] - 東洋拓植株式會社 / 1921 / 馬山支店. in: 移住民名簿 : 15 ~
2. [학술지(정기간행물)] - 金秀姬 / 1994 / 朝鮮開港以後に於ける日本漁民の朝鮮近海漁業の展開 / 朝鮮學報 153
3. [단행본] - 金秀姬 / 1996 / 朝鮮植民地漁業と日本人漁業移民 / 東京經濟大學大學院 博士論文
4. [단행본] - 木村健二著 / 1989 / 在朝日本人の社會史 / 未來社 : 49 ~ 52
5. [보고서] - 東洋拓植株式會社 / 1921 / 馬山支店. in: 移住民名簿 : 15 ~
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