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This paper examines the contents and characteristics of the modem industrial promotion policy of the Greater Han Empire enacted from the period of King Kojong's retreat to the Russian legation to the Russo-Japanese War. Previous scholarship has viewed the industrial policy as the product of uninterested or uninvolved officials. However, this study identifies two political groups, Enlightenment Party officials and a group of pro-imperial officials centered on Yi Yong-ik, who were pushing the industrial policy forward. Consequently, changes in the political situation were reflected in the overall direction of the industrial policy.
At the outset of the Greater Han Empire, the pro-American faction was in charge of the industrial policy. However, their basic economic policy closely resembled the industrial promotion policy of the Kabo reform cabinet, which emphasized industrial development and company formation based on private capital rather than government-led industrial development. In the period of their leadership, industrial policy pushed the rapid formation of private companies centered on members of the Independence dub [Tongnip hy?phoe].
However, the policy led by the Enlightenment Party officials did not last long. After the establishment of the Greater Han Empire, the Independence Club was eliminated amidst the power struggles between Enlightenment Party and pro-imperial officials, and control of the industrial policy passed into the hands of the pro-imperial officials. In particular, Yi Yong-ik, by arranging the appointments of the Naejangw?ngy?ng [Minister of the Interior], Ch?nhwangukjang [Director of the Mint], and the T'akjibuhy?pp'an [Vice Minister of the Finance Department] as well as the Acting Minister, took control of government finances in tandem with the imperial court and provided support for modem industrial development. Yi Yong-ik thus became the key figure behind the modem industrial development policy pushed by the Household Department within the imperial court. He expanded new modem industrial developments such as the Hwangsil yurich'ang [Imperial Glass Factory], Chagijejoch'ang [Porcelain Factory], Py?ngyang t'an'gwang [Py?nyang Coal Mine], and the S?buk ch?ldoguk [Northwest Railroad Bureau], alongside such existing government factories as the Kigyech'ang [Arms Factory] and the Chikjoch'ang [Weaving Factory].
Nevertheless, the modem industrial development activity pushed by Yi Yong-ik did not produce any particular results and came to an end with the Russo-Japanese War. The Japanese paid large amounts of compensation to the foreign technicians working at the various government-owned factories and terminated their employment. Some of the government factories were completely eliminated as they became bases for the Japanese military.
The modem industrial development policy of Yi Yong-ik did not succeed because of the lack of sufficient time from its inception in 1901~1902 to produce Significant results and because of internal political opposition within the government. Financial support for the policy eventually came from the issuance of nickel coins, but opposition arose as a result of the attendant inflation and sudden changes in the exchange rate. The pursuit of currency reform and the establishment of a central bank were intended to solve these issues, but the Russo-Japanese War negated such efforts.
At the outset of the Greater Han Empire, the pro-American faction was in charge of the industrial policy. However, their basic economic policy closely resembled the industrial promotion policy of the Kabo reform cabinet, which emphasized industrial development and company formation based on private capital rather than government-led industrial development. In the period of their leadership, industrial policy pushed the rapid formation of private companies centered on members of the Independence dub [Tongnip hy?phoe].
However, the policy led by the Enlightenment Party officials did not last long. After the establishment of the Greater Han Empire, the Independence Club was eliminated amidst the power struggles between Enlightenment Party and pro-imperial officials, and control of the industrial policy passed into the hands of the pro-imperial officials. In particular, Yi Yong-ik, by arranging the appointments of the Naejangw?ngy?ng [Minister of the Interior], Ch?nhwangukjang [Director of the Mint], and the T'akjibuhy?pp'an [Vice Minister of the Finance Department] as well as the Acting Minister, took control of government finances in tandem with the imperial court and provided support for modem industrial development. Yi Yong-ik thus became the key figure behind the modem industrial development policy pushed by the Household Department within the imperial court. He expanded new modem industrial developments such as the Hwangsil yurich'ang [Imperial Glass Factory], Chagijejoch'ang [Porcelain Factory], Py?ngyang t'an'gwang [Py?nyang Coal Mine], and the S?buk ch?ldoguk [Northwest Railroad Bureau], alongside such existing government factories as the Kigyech'ang [Arms Factory] and the Chikjoch'ang [Weaving Factory].
Nevertheless, the modem industrial development activity pushed by Yi Yong-ik did not produce any particular results and came to an end with the Russo-Japanese War. The Japanese paid large amounts of compensation to the foreign technicians working at the various government-owned factories and terminated their employment. Some of the government factories were completely eliminated as they became bases for the Japanese military.
The modem industrial development policy of Yi Yong-ik did not succeed because of the lack of sufficient time from its inception in 1901~1902 to produce Significant results and because of internal political opposition within the government. Financial support for the policy eventually came from the issuance of nickel coins, but opposition arose as a result of the attendant inflation and sudden changes in the exchange rate. The pursuit of currency reform and the establishment of a central bank were intended to solve these issues, but the Russo-Japanese War negated such efforts.
목차
Ⅰ. 序言
Ⅱ. 開化派의 민간 중심 노선
Ⅲ. 李容翊의 宮內府 주도 노선
Ⅳ. 結語
〈Abstract〉
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