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논문 기본 정보
- 자료유형
- 학술대회자료
- 저자정보
- 발행연도
- 2008.4
- 수록면
- 3 - 25 (23page)
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초록· 키워드
오류제보하기
Since the normalization of diplomatic relations between Korea and Russia, and China according to the treaty on September 30, 1990, and on August 24, 1992 respectively, a lot of archaeological information flow has been made it possible for Korean archaeologists confirm the origin of Korean culture and establish new chronology of Korea Bronze and Iron Ages in terms of polyhedral theory. And the origins of the Korean culture are thought to have been applied with polyhedral or polyphyletic theory as far as Northeast Asia centering on Siberia is concerned. Siberia, northeastern China and Mongolia are the most important melting places from which various cultural elements regardless time and space are diffused according to the chronology of Korean archaeology. Such archaeological evidence based upon relics and artefacts as comb-patterned pottery, plain-coarse pottery with band applique, stone cist, antennae sword, petroglyph et alii. are representative for identifying the cultural diffusion and relationship between Northeast Asia and Korean peninsula, and especially the origin of Korean culture through the Palaeolithic/Mesolithic Age(: or Transitional Period, 10000? BC~8000 BC), Neolithic Age (8000 BC~2000 BC), Bronze Age(2000 BC~400 BC) the Former Iron Age(400 BC~1 BC) and Later Iron Age or Former Three Kingdoms Period(1 AD-300 AD) during the prehistoric times of Korea. They can be traced back to such northern places adjacent to the Korean peninsula as the Amur river valley region and the Maritime Province of Siberia including the Ussuri river basin, Mogolia, and the Manchuria(the northeastern three provinces) of northern China, which means that surrounding northern part of the Korean peninsula is to be revalued as the places of the origin and diffusion of Korean culture, as already shown from the recently found archeological remains and artefacts in the whole Korean territory.
And also new perspectives in the Bronze and Iron Age of Korean Archaelogy in terms of polyhedral theory has made it possible that analysis and synthesis of archaeological data from the various sites so far excavated by several institutes nationwide and abroad provided a critical opportunity to reconsider archaeological cultures and chronology of Korean Bronze, Iron Ages and Former Three Kingdoms Period, and I have tried to present my own chronology and sub-periodization of Korean Bronze and Iron Ages with some suggestions, including a new perspective for future studies in this field.
Though it is still a hypothesis under consideration, the Korean Bronze Age(2000/1500 BC~400 BC) can be divided into four phases based on distinctive pottery types as follows :
1. Initial Bronze Age(2000 BC~1500 BC) : a pottery type in the transitional stage from Jeulmun comb pattern pottery to plain coarse pottery with band applique decoration on the rim, and plain coarse pottery with double rim or Jeulmun pottery decoration.
2. Early Bronze Age(1500 BC~1000 BC) : double rimmed plain coarse pottery with incised short slant line design on the rim.
3. Middle Bronze Age(1000 BC~600 BC) : pottery with a chain of hole-shaped decoration on the rim and pottery with dentate design on the rim.
4. Late Bronze Age(600 BC~400 BC) : high temperature fired plain coarse pottery(700~850℃).
The Former Iron Age(400 BC~1 BC) can be divided into two phases based on distinctive set of artifacts as follows as well :
1. Iron Age A(earlier phase) : pottery types such as high temperature fired plain coarse pottery(700~850℃) and pottery with clay strip decoration on the rim(section : round), mould-made iron implements and bronze implements such as phase I Korean style dagger, dagger-axe, fine liner design mirror, ax, spear and chisel.
2. Iron Age B(later phase) : bronze implements such as type Ⅱ Korean style dagger, horse equipments and chariots, forged iron implements and pottery with clay strip decoration on the rim(section triangle).
On the other hand, cross-section shape of clay strip attached to pottery can be a criterion to divide the Iron Age into three phases. The shape of clay strip had been changed in the order of section with round phase Ⅰ, rectangular phase Ⅱ and triangular shapes phase Ⅲ and each shape of the cross-section represent each phases of the Former Iron Age, respectively. All the three types of clay strip potteries in terms of the section on the rim of surface, usually accompanied by the Korean type bronze dagger, are buried in the earthen pit tomb, indicating the beginning of the Former Iron Age(ca 400 BC) in Korean peninsula.
Korean academic circles have to fully accept a record illustrated in the Samguksagi(三國史記) as a historical fact that King Onjo, the first king of Baekje Kingdom, founded Baekje(百濟) in the territory of Mahan in 18 BC during the Later Iron Age, or Former Three Kingdoms Period, Baekje had been coexisted with Lolang(樂浪) and Mahan(馬韓) in the Korean Peninsula with close and active interrelations forming an interaction sphere. Without full acceptance of the early records of the Samguksagi, it is impossible to obtain any productive scholarly outcome in the study of ancient Korea. For quite a long time period, Korean archaeological circles have used a concept and term of Proto-Three Kingdom Period. However, it is time to replace the inappropriate and illogical term and concept, the Proto-Three Kingdom Period with the Later Iron Age or the Former Three Kingdoms Period(1 AD.~300 AD).
And also new perspectives in the Bronze and Iron Age of Korean Archaelogy in terms of polyhedral theory has made it possible that analysis and synthesis of archaeological data from the various sites so far excavated by several institutes nationwide and abroad provided a critical opportunity to reconsider archaeological cultures and chronology of Korean Bronze, Iron Ages and Former Three Kingdoms Period, and I have tried to present my own chronology and sub-periodization of Korean Bronze and Iron Ages with some suggestions, including a new perspective for future studies in this field.
Though it is still a hypothesis under consideration, the Korean Bronze Age(2000/1500 BC~400 BC) can be divided into four phases based on distinctive pottery types as follows :
1. Initial Bronze Age(2000 BC~1500 BC) : a pottery type in the transitional stage from Jeulmun comb pattern pottery to plain coarse pottery with band applique decoration on the rim, and plain coarse pottery with double rim or Jeulmun pottery decoration.
2. Early Bronze Age(1500 BC~1000 BC) : double rimmed plain coarse pottery with incised short slant line design on the rim.
3. Middle Bronze Age(1000 BC~600 BC) : pottery with a chain of hole-shaped decoration on the rim and pottery with dentate design on the rim.
4. Late Bronze Age(600 BC~400 BC) : high temperature fired plain coarse pottery(700~850℃).
The Former Iron Age(400 BC~1 BC) can be divided into two phases based on distinctive set of artifacts as follows as well :
1. Iron Age A(earlier phase) : pottery types such as high temperature fired plain coarse pottery(700~850℃) and pottery with clay strip decoration on the rim(section : round), mould-made iron implements and bronze implements such as phase I Korean style dagger, dagger-axe, fine liner design mirror, ax, spear and chisel.
2. Iron Age B(later phase) : bronze implements such as type Ⅱ Korean style dagger, horse equipments and chariots, forged iron implements and pottery with clay strip decoration on the rim(section triangle).
On the other hand, cross-section shape of clay strip attached to pottery can be a criterion to divide the Iron Age into three phases. The shape of clay strip had been changed in the order of section with round phase Ⅰ, rectangular phase Ⅱ and triangular shapes phase Ⅲ and each shape of the cross-section represent each phases of the Former Iron Age, respectively. All the three types of clay strip potteries in terms of the section on the rim of surface, usually accompanied by the Korean type bronze dagger, are buried in the earthen pit tomb, indicating the beginning of the Former Iron Age(ca 400 BC) in Korean peninsula.
Korean academic circles have to fully accept a record illustrated in the Samguksagi(三國史記) as a historical fact that King Onjo, the first king of Baekje Kingdom, founded Baekje(百濟) in the territory of Mahan in 18 BC during the Later Iron Age, or Former Three Kingdoms Period, Baekje had been coexisted with Lolang(樂浪) and Mahan(馬韓) in the Korean Peninsula with close and active interrelations forming an interaction sphere. Without full acceptance of the early records of the Samguksagi, it is impossible to obtain any productive scholarly outcome in the study of ancient Korea. For quite a long time period, Korean archaeological circles have used a concept and term of Proto-Three Kingdom Period. However, it is time to replace the inappropriate and illogical term and concept, the Proto-Three Kingdom Period with the Later Iron Age or the Former Three Kingdoms Period(1 AD.~300 AD).
목차
1. 서언
2. 편년
3. 문화계통
4. 한국문화의 다원성
5. 후언
참고문헌
Abstract
참고문헌 (2)
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