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자료유형
학술저널
저자정보
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19세기영어권문학회 19세기 영어권 문학 19세기 영어권 문학 제9권 3호
발행연도
2005.12
수록면
29 - 59 (31page)

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This paper is an attempt to interpret Fenimore Cooper's ambivalent attitudes towards Indians in The Last of the Mohicans in terms of the fetishistic split between consciousness and act. While fully recognizing and even admiring the beauty, nobility, and integrity of Mohicans, Cooper plots his novel as a fantasy of their extermination: he thinks he loves them but ends up with killing them. What we see is his conscious and self-acclaimed humanism on the one hand, and his unconscious or inadvertent act of imperialism or genocide on the other. I argue such a split of thinking and acting is occasioned by his strong inner ethical necessity to keep his conscience clean and unalloyed, like pure and unmixed blood. Denying and effacing any possible connection with genocide, he has to convince himself that he loves Indians, which he does by portraying Uncas as handsome and noble as Apollo. Yet the question remains why he leaves Uncas to be killed by Magua instead of allowing him to marry Cora and his race to survive. Cooper attributes the plot of the novel (the extermination of the Mohicans) to the iron law of history, not to any human agency: the teleologically programmed history causes the death of Uncas, here history being a structure without subject. What is happening happens outside Cooper. In other words, the genocide of the Indians takes place without any intention or initiation on the part of the whites in Cooper's rendition of events. That explains why Cooper is free of a guilty conscience and is driven to essentialism and phonocentrism. It is in the name and right of phonocentrism, advocated by Chingachigook, that he presents his text pure of differance. Essence should not be contaminated by any trace of differance as pure blood should remain unmixed even at the price of its own extermination. This paper goes on to argue that Cooper could adhere to phonocentrism only by ignoring the differential structure of language. Likewise he maintains a pure and clean conscience only by ignoring the imperialistic structure of the world in which he lives and by essentializing history into a subjectless structure where history unfolds itself teleologically, he being only the pure onlooker with a clean conscience and with no possiblity of involvement. The fetishistic split is an economy for Cooper to fully achieve his humanistic self-presence only because he does not need to encounter its imperialistic and ethnocentric implication. Blindfoldedness saves his sense of conscience.

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