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논문 기본 정보

자료유형
학술저널
저자정보
저널정보
역사교육연구회 역사교육 역사교육 제79집
발행연도
2001.9
수록면
131 - 159 (29page)

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초록· 키워드

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The 'traditional' interpretations which have explored the failure of the anti-fascist policy of the German Social Democratic Party in the end of the Weimar Republic focused on the ideology, structure and political culture of the SPD. But the 'revisionist' interpretations which come to the front from the mid-1980s with the critical viewpoint of the traditional interpretations estimate the 'lesser evil' policy of the German Social Democratic Party in the different dimension. The revisionist interpretations insist on that under the conditions of the Great Depression and the 'social division' of the German Working Class, the lesser evil policy of the SPD was the only and possible policy of anti-fascism in the era of the Great Depression. Thus they argue that the wide-ranged views which have grasped the united action of the working class as the only alternative of anti-fascism is the impossible myth.
But the revisionist interpretations which underestimate the function of 'subjective' factor in the historical process and ignore the possibility of working class united front misunderstood the causes of failure of the lesser evil policy of the SPD. The cause of the failure consists in the pressure group attitude of the SPD. Of course, the economic thought which underestimates the political struggle is the fundamental cause. In addition to it, the class foundation which dominated the understanding of fascism and the political tactic of the SPD is the maintenance of capitalism. In consequence, anti-communism influenced the direction of the lesser evil policy of the SPD. Because of this causes, the anti-fascist policy of the SPD in the end of the Weimar Republic was rather a means which reconsolidate the cooperation with bourgeoisie than a guide of the successful anti-fascist struggle. Thus the lesser evil policy of the SPD can not block the onslaught of the nazism.

목차

1. 머리말
2. 사회민주당의 파시즘 이해와 관용정책
3. 반파시스트 통일전선의 문제
4. 맺음말
Abstract

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