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It is difficult to generalize American intellectual views and concepts on Korea by just analysing individual person's records, accounts and activities. But if we do bear in mind that every human being represent their period, society and culture in some way or the other, it is not that absurd to glance the world through one's eyes. Yet these accounts, written by intrepid travellers, missionaries and diplomats as records of their visits and impressions in Korea, make very interesting and informative reading in the present day.
S. F. Sands(1874~1946), who was an American ex-diplomat and ex-advisor to the Korean Emperor, exemplified the late 19th and the early 20th century western thoughts and intellectual trends. His basic contents of Korean images, impressions and views lied on orientalism and white man's mission to civilize barbarious and poverty stricken impoverished Korea. If one looks at the object with a mission to civilize and modernize a certain country, one tends to emphasize how barbarious and uncivilized that country is. Through orientalism context, Sands' overall view of Korea was a course of verifying how primitive, stalmate, backward, wretched Korea was, as well as finding potential of power to modernize. Moreover, Sands' sympathy towards poor, weak Koreans, together with animosity and hostility towards evil Japanese, also racialism and superiority as a westerner and finally American patriotism were closely interlinked as basic phenomenon and characteristics in Sands' thoughts and impressions on Korea. From these basic intellectual thoughts, Sands initiated a reform, 'pro- reformation, post-neutrality', subsequently, this reform was hampered and failed by the Japanese carefully engineered plan.
Sands' ability to trace and analyze the causes of downfall of Daehan Empire was outstanding compared to other historian at that period. That he emphasized external causes rather than the internal causes, such as imperialistic infiltration and unmeasurable external pressure unparalleled in history, scrupulous invasion policy of the Japanese, Anglo-Japanese co-operative action, concession diplomacy led by imperialistic countries etc. It was quite an insight to analyse such causes at that time. But as Sands tried to transplant and propagate American value, ideals, culture and civilization, he could be considered as a cultural-imperialist in broader perspective.
S. F. Sands(1874~1946), who was an American ex-diplomat and ex-advisor to the Korean Emperor, exemplified the late 19th and the early 20th century western thoughts and intellectual trends. His basic contents of Korean images, impressions and views lied on orientalism and white man's mission to civilize barbarious and poverty stricken impoverished Korea. If one looks at the object with a mission to civilize and modernize a certain country, one tends to emphasize how barbarious and uncivilized that country is. Through orientalism context, Sands' overall view of Korea was a course of verifying how primitive, stalmate, backward, wretched Korea was, as well as finding potential of power to modernize. Moreover, Sands' sympathy towards poor, weak Koreans, together with animosity and hostility towards evil Japanese, also racialism and superiority as a westerner and finally American patriotism were closely interlinked as basic phenomenon and characteristics in Sands' thoughts and impressions on Korea. From these basic intellectual thoughts, Sands initiated a reform, 'pro- reformation, post-neutrality', subsequently, this reform was hampered and failed by the Japanese carefully engineered plan.
Sands' ability to trace and analyze the causes of downfall of Daehan Empire was outstanding compared to other historian at that period. That he emphasized external causes rather than the internal causes, such as imperialistic infiltration and unmeasurable external pressure unparalleled in history, scrupulous invasion policy of the Japanese, Anglo-Japanese co-operative action, concession diplomacy led by imperialistic countries etc. It was quite an insight to analyse such causes at that time. But as Sands tried to transplant and propagate American value, ideals, culture and civilization, he could be considered as a cultural-imperialist in broader perspective.
목차
들어가는 말
1. 미국 엘리트 지식인의 전형, 샌즈의 성장 배경
2. 오리엔탈리즘과 사명감의 교차점
3. 대한제국 몰락의 메카니즘
나가는 말
Abstract
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UCI(KEPA) : I410-ECN-0101-2009-911-015220014