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논문 기본 정보
- 자료유형
- 학술저널
- 저자정보
- 저널정보
- 동양사학회 동양사학연구 東洋史學硏究 第167輯
- 발행연도
- 2024.6
- 수록면
- 407 - 450 (44page)
- DOI
- 10.17856/jahs.2024.6.167.407
이용수
초록· 키워드
오류제보하기
The anti-Chinese riots that spread across northern Korea from July 1931 differed significantly from previous ethnic clashes in terms of the location and scale of damage. In particular, the development of the riots into massacres against the Chinese was driven by widespread anti-Chinese sentiment at the time. This anti-Chinese sentiment, in turn, was closely related to the situation of the Korean labor market at the time, which was facing a growing problem of unemployment among Koreans. Therefore, this study critically examines the background of the Korean unemployment problem and the actual impact of Chinese workers on this labor market problem based on an analysis of the socioeconomic environment in northern Korea in the 1920s.
The analysis of the labor market focuses on Gyeongseong(京城), Pyongyang(平壤), and Sinuiju(新義州), which were the largest anti-Chinese riots in Korea, and tracks the differences in occupational distribution and wage changes in each region. In addition, as the analysis focuses on the occupational structure, population, and wage changes of the two ethnic groups, mainly statistics of the period, such as the “Joseon General Statistical Yearbook(朝鮮總督府統計年報)” and “National Survey(國勢調査)” were utilized.
First of all, the fundamental cause of the Korean unemployment problem before the anti-Chinese riots was closely related to the economic recession in colonial Joseon that began in the early 1920s. In particular, the period around 1931, was the most extreme in the midst of the ongoing economic recession. However, the impact of the recession differed between the northern and southern regions of Korea due to differences in industrial structure.
On the other hand, workers’ wages have also been affected by the economic downturn, but the differences have varied greatly over time, and in different ways according to different regions. For example, the wages of Koreans in Pyongyang, which was the most damaged by the anti-Chinese riots, changed more than those in Gyeongseong or Sinuiju, and was also the most dameged by the economic depression around 1930.
In this context of deepening economic depression, the surge of Chinese workers posed a major threat to Koreans. In fact, even before the 1931 anti-Chinese riots, employers actively used Chinese workers to break strikes by Korean workers, and clashes between Koreans and Chinese in frontline labor were frequent. However, apart from these structural contradictions in the labor market, the actual impact of the increase in Chinese workers on the problem of low wages for Koreans has been limited.
The analysis of the labor market focuses on Gyeongseong(京城), Pyongyang(平壤), and Sinuiju(新義州), which were the largest anti-Chinese riots in Korea, and tracks the differences in occupational distribution and wage changes in each region. In addition, as the analysis focuses on the occupational structure, population, and wage changes of the two ethnic groups, mainly statistics of the period, such as the “Joseon General Statistical Yearbook(朝鮮總督府統計年報)” and “National Survey(國勢調査)” were utilized.
First of all, the fundamental cause of the Korean unemployment problem before the anti-Chinese riots was closely related to the economic recession in colonial Joseon that began in the early 1920s. In particular, the period around 1931, was the most extreme in the midst of the ongoing economic recession. However, the impact of the recession differed between the northern and southern regions of Korea due to differences in industrial structure.
On the other hand, workers’ wages have also been affected by the economic downturn, but the differences have varied greatly over time, and in different ways according to different regions. For example, the wages of Koreans in Pyongyang, which was the most damaged by the anti-Chinese riots, changed more than those in Gyeongseong or Sinuiju, and was also the most dameged by the economic depression around 1930.
In this context of deepening economic depression, the surge of Chinese workers posed a major threat to Koreans. In fact, even before the 1931 anti-Chinese riots, employers actively used Chinese workers to break strikes by Korean workers, and clashes between Koreans and Chinese in frontline labor were frequent. However, apart from these structural contradictions in the labor market, the actual impact of the increase in Chinese workers on the problem of low wages for Koreans has been limited.
목차
Ⅰ. 머리말
Ⅱ. 1920년대 후반 식민지조선의 경제공황
Ⅲ. 조선인과 중국인의 직업구조
Ⅳ. 경성, 평양, 신의주의 임금 및 인구변화
Ⅴ. 맺음말
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