조선시대 울산지역은 굴화역, 부평역, 간곡역, 신역 등 4개의 역으로 구성되어 있다. 각 역마다 소재지를 중심으로 마을을 이루어 거주하여 역촌을 형성하였다.
굴화역촌은 현재 범서읍 굴화리 일대에 위치하며, 범위는 북동쪽의 태화강변과 조선시대 도로가 확인된 굴화천 동쪽 즉, 촌락과 관련이 있는 건물지, 생활유구가 분포하는 지역까지 포함된다. 특징은 울산의 다른 역과는 달리 조선시대 당시 울산과 언양을 연결하는 교통의 중심에 위치하고 있기 때문에 가장 큰 규모를 형성하였을 것으로 생각된다.
부평역촌은 현재 중구 약사동 평산마을 일대에 위치하며, 범위는 서쪽 경계는 평산마을 일부가 포함되며, 동쪽 경계는 원유곡마을 서쪽 끝자락까지, 남ㆍ북쪽 경계는 북부순환도로의 동쪽 끝부분까지 포함된다. 특징은 병영성 설치 이후에 새롭게 신설된 역으로서 지리적, 행정적 위치로 볼 때 병영성, 울산읍성과 관련된 중요한 기능을 담당했을 것이다.
간곡역촌은 현재 웅촌면 곡천리 서중마을 남쪽에 위치하며, 범위는 곡천리 서중마을의 남쪽 일부를 포함하며, 전체적으로 서중마을 남쪽에 위치한 동-서 방향의 낮은 구릉 남ㆍ남동ㆍ남서쪽 사면에 형성하였다. 특징은 부산과 울산을 잇는 중요한 길목에 있지만 간선 변이 아니라 산속에 위치 하고 있는 지리적 특징을 가지고 있다.
신역촌은 부평역의 속역으로 현재 북구 송정동 일대에 위치하며, 범위는 신역촌 남, 북 근거리에 원이 다수 분포하고 있는데, 그중에서 송지원은 북구 창평동 원지마을로 위치를 추정하였다. 거리상으로 보면 송지원 또는 고지원의 중심지는 창평천을 중심으로 북쪽에 있는 원지마을일 가능성이 높지만, 좀 더 넓게 보면 송지원과 신역촌의 일부와 겹쳐진다고 생각된다. 특징은 부평역촌에서 확인되는 촌락의 구성요소, 건물 배치 등과 동일하게 확인되며, 규모에 있어서 부평역촌보다 작게 확인된다.
During the Joseon Dynasty, the Ulsan area consisted of four stations: Gulhwa Station, Bupyeong Station, Gangok Station, and New Station. Each station formed a village centered on the location and lived, forming a station village.
Gullhwa Station Village is currently located in the area of Gullhwa-ri, Beomseo-eup, and its scope includes the Taehwa Riverside in the northeast and the east of Gullhwacheon, where a road from the Joseon Dynasty was identified, that is, the area where building sites related to the village and living facilities are distributed. Unlike other stations in Ulsan, it is thought to have formed the largest scale because it is located at the center of traffic connecting Ulsan and Eonyang during the Joseon Dynasty.
Bupyeong Station Village is currently located around Pyeongsan Village in Yaksa-dong, Jung-gu, and the scope includes part of Pyeongsan Village on the western boundary, the western edge of Wonyugok Village on the eastern boundary, and the eastern end of the Northern Ring Road on the southern and northern boundary. . Its characteristic is that it was a newly established station after the installation of the Byeongyeongseong Fortress, and in terms of its geographical and administrative location, it must have performed an important function related to the Byeongyeongseong Fortress and Ulsaneupseong Fortress.
Gangok Station Village is currently located in the south of Seojung Village, Gokcheon-ri, Ungchon-myeon, and the scope includes the southern part of Seojung Village, Gokcheon-ri. It was formed on the south, southeast, and southwest slopes of low hills in the east-west direction, located in the south of Seojung Village as a whole. Although it is located on an important road connecting Busan and Ulsan, it has the geographical feature of being located in the mountains, not along the trunk line.
New Station Village is located in the area of Songjeong-dong, Buk-gu as a sub-region of Bupyeong Station, and many circles are distributed in a short distance to the south and north of Sinyeokchon. In terms of distance, the center of Songjiwon or Gojiwon is likely to be Wonji Village in the north centered on Changpyeongcheon, but from a wider perspective, it is thought that it overlaps with Songjiwon and parts of Sinyeokchon. The characteristics are the same as those of Bupyeong Station Village, such as the village's components and building layout, and it is confirmed to be smaller than Bupyeong Station Village in scale.