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The purpose of this study is to reconstruct a new ideological paradigm that Pascal has attempted through 『Pensées』 as a part of going beyond the ideological paradigm of France in the 17th century. Pascal’s 『Pensées』 is a book on Christian apologetics written for the purpose of defending the truth of the Christian gospel to non-Christians based on a Christian worldview. In this respect, the readers of 『Pensées』 are targeting non-believers outside God. In a word, it is miserable man without God.
Pascal’s anthropology explores human misery and greatness as two opposite structures. The anthropology he pursues sets up contradictory and paradoxical beings in that humans are great because they are miserable. Therefore, human beings in contradiction and paradox are miserable and great at the same time, great and miserable at the same time. Pascal builds a way to overcome human misery in 『Pensées』 as Christian apologetic.
Scepticism and hedonism focus on human misery, whereas dogmatism and asceticism focus on human greatness. Neither the former nor the latter can ever become a thought system capable of overcoming human misery in an existential situation. Therefore, the philosophical discourses on human beings do not consider the theological perspective, and all attempts to approach them from the anthropological perspective fail. Pascal naturally transfers his anthropology to the theological level for the purpose of overcoming human misery.
The new ideological paradigm shift in Pascal’s 『Pensées』 is achieved by establishing unity by resolving the contradictions and paradoxes of the two ideological systems: human misery and greatness, and dogmatism and scepticism through a dialectical method. As such, the new ideological paradigm shift that Pascal attempted is a movement of ideological shift for liberation from the world without God and from all philosophical implications.
At last, Pascal’s attempt at the new ideological paradigm shift finds the fundamental model of the dialectical method in Jesus Christ. Only through Jesus Christ, the confrontation and contradiction of the two schools can be harmonized in the end, and the concepts human misery and greatness is combined to form unity by reaching mutual reconciliation. In a word, the encounter of a ‘thesis’(正) and a ‘antithesis’(反) allows us to experience ‘synthesis’(合) in Jesus Christ to resolve the contradiction in confrontation.
Pascal’s anthropology explores human misery and greatness as two opposite structures. The anthropology he pursues sets up contradictory and paradoxical beings in that humans are great because they are miserable. Therefore, human beings in contradiction and paradox are miserable and great at the same time, great and miserable at the same time. Pascal builds a way to overcome human misery in 『Pensées』 as Christian apologetic.
Scepticism and hedonism focus on human misery, whereas dogmatism and asceticism focus on human greatness. Neither the former nor the latter can ever become a thought system capable of overcoming human misery in an existential situation. Therefore, the philosophical discourses on human beings do not consider the theological perspective, and all attempts to approach them from the anthropological perspective fail. Pascal naturally transfers his anthropology to the theological level for the purpose of overcoming human misery.
The new ideological paradigm shift in Pascal’s 『Pensées』 is achieved by establishing unity by resolving the contradictions and paradoxes of the two ideological systems: human misery and greatness, and dogmatism and scepticism through a dialectical method. As such, the new ideological paradigm shift that Pascal attempted is a movement of ideological shift for liberation from the world without God and from all philosophical implications.
At last, Pascal’s attempt at the new ideological paradigm shift finds the fundamental model of the dialectical method in Jesus Christ. Only through Jesus Christ, the confrontation and contradiction of the two schools can be harmonized in the end, and the concepts human misery and greatness is combined to form unity by reaching mutual reconciliation. In a word, the encounter of a ‘thesis’(正) and a ‘antithesis’(反) allows us to experience ‘synthesis’(合) in Jesus Christ to resolve the contradiction in confrontation.
목차
Ⅰ. 들어가는 말
Ⅱ. 빠스깔의 인간학에서 바라 본 17세기 사상적 패러다임
Ⅲ. 새로운 사상적 패러다임 전환의 구성
Ⅳ. 나오는 말
Abstract
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