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학술저널
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공영호 (충남대학교)
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한양대학교 법학연구소 법학논총 법학논총 제38권 제3호
발행연도
2021.9
수록면
61 - 87 (27page)

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Affirmative action as the American universities’ admissions policy began as a means to redress racial discrimination for three main reasons. First is to address the disadvantages against racial minority students in standardized tests. Second reason is that affirmative action can provide blacks with just compensation for the past racial discriminations. Thirdly, affirmative action is designed to promote educational diversity through diverse student body. The test for determining constitutionality of university admission policy is a strict scrutiny standard because racial classification is always subject to a strict scrutiny along with national origin and alienage. So a university’s affirmative action program can pass this test if the university can prove that there is a compelling state interest in acquiring racial diversity; that a specific affirmative action program as a means to achieve diversity is narrowly tailored to satisfy the compelling interest; and that there is no workable race-neutral alternatives. The series of the Supreme Court cases starting from Bakke through Grutter and Fisher have established that universities’ affirmative action programs can pass the constitutional muster because the educational diversity is recognized as a compelling interest and the ‘plus factor’ method in holistic review is recognized as being narrowly tailored to achieve racial diversity. Although affirmative action in college admission seems to be still necessary, the current standard that allows universities to consider the applicant’s race as a ‘plus factor’ in holistic review appears to be standing on constitutionally shaky ground because of the risk of giving too much discretion to admission officials who can abuse this system in covert and hidden manner at the unfair disadvantage to Asian applicants. Instead of plus factor system, it is better to allow the universities to award points to racial minority applicants at a reasonable level that would not be too dispositive but would have meaningful impact in admission decisions. The approach combining the modified point system with the revised legacy and donor admissions and the increased need-blind policy would help the universities in achieving the goal of racial and educational diversity.
#Affirmative Action #Equal Protection Clause #Holistic Review #Strict Scrutiny Standard #Compelling Interest #Legacy Admissions

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참고문헌 (46)

참고문헌 신청
Claire Sweetman / 2019 / Students for Fair Admissions v. Harvard: The Fate of Affirmative Action in Higher Education / Denv. L. Rev. Forum 97:100 google schola Cynthia Chiu / 2019 / Justice or Just Us?: SFFA v. Harvard and Asian Americans in Affirmative Action / S. Cal. L. Rev 92:441 google schola Gerald Gunther / 1972 / Foreword: In Search of Evolving Doctrine on a Changing Court: A Model for a Newer Equal Protection / Harv. L. Rev 86:1 google schola Goodwin Liu / 2002 / The Causation Fallacy: Bakke and the Basic Arithmetic of Selective Admissions / Mich. L. Rev 100:1045 google schola Ian Ayres / 2007 / Don’t Tell, Don’t Ask: Narrow Tailoring After Grutter and Gratz / Tex. L. Rev 85:517 google schola

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