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초록· 키워드
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As the subtitle: “In order to realize the citizen’s sovereignty over Monetary system” suggests, this article contemplates whether the principle of national sovereignty is being implemented in the monetary system or otherwise, how can it be implemented. Everyone knows that the Constitution is the highest norm of the country. The Article 1 of the Constitution, the highest norm of the Republic of Korea, declares that “the sovereignty of the Republic of Korea belongs to the people, and all power comes from the people,” stipulating the principle of national sovereignty as the supreme ideology of state affairs. The national sovereignty ideology, which has been discussed in constitutional science so far, may be said to be only a political principle or political fiction, but is there a way to realize it economically and overcome it as a fiction in connection with the new artificial intelligence era to come soon. In the face of these challenges, how to realize national sovereignty at the economic level beyond the political level, and in particular, I would like to consider the issue of attribution of money issuance revenue in relation to the method of securing financial resources when the basic income(BI; in German: Bedingungsloses Grundeinkommen: BGE) system is introduced.
At first, I briefly looked at the nature of the currency issuance income called “Seigniorage” in the monetary system. Regarding of this seigniorage, I have opened up historical changes by categorizing the monetary system that has appeared in human history so far into several categories. And then I briefly looked at the legal basis of Korea’s current monetary system, examined whether Korea’s current monetary system can conform to the principles of national sovereignty declared by the Constitution, the highest political and economic ideology, and devised a new monetary system based on that consideration.
In medieval Europe, feudal lords or emperors enjoyed currency issuance profits based on monetary issuance privileges and used them as financial expenses for their own adjustment. Nonetheless, even in the modern constitutional Democratic Republic, where the sovereignty of the state belongs to the people and the power of all states comes from the people, private banks enjoy currency issuance profits like feudal lords and emperors because the central bank manages currency. How can this be justified?
The national sovereignty declared by the Article 1 of the Korean Constitution is a public good, and monetary sovereignty should be guaranteed for money as well, that is, monetary sovereignty. And then, the citizen can become true sovereigns. The current bank-centered monetary system, which allows private banks to almost monopolize the seigniorage, in other words, the currency issuance revenue, should be transformed into a citizen-centered monetary system so that each citizen can enjoy the profits. It is not simply national sovereignty to elect political representatives such as presidents and lawmakers from time to time, but national sovereignty in name and reality is realized only when the money issuance revenue is equally attributed to each citizen.
From this point of view, it can be suspected that there is a fundamental problem with the current currency issuance system. If you think that the current bank-centered monetary system has originally done so and that there is no other alternative, it may seem natural. However, if there is a better alternative than the current bank-centered currency issuance system, the current situation may be different.
At first, I briefly looked at the nature of the currency issuance income called “Seigniorage” in the monetary system. Regarding of this seigniorage, I have opened up historical changes by categorizing the monetary system that has appeared in human history so far into several categories. And then I briefly looked at the legal basis of Korea’s current monetary system, examined whether Korea’s current monetary system can conform to the principles of national sovereignty declared by the Constitution, the highest political and economic ideology, and devised a new monetary system based on that consideration.
In medieval Europe, feudal lords or emperors enjoyed currency issuance profits based on monetary issuance privileges and used them as financial expenses for their own adjustment. Nonetheless, even in the modern constitutional Democratic Republic, where the sovereignty of the state belongs to the people and the power of all states comes from the people, private banks enjoy currency issuance profits like feudal lords and emperors because the central bank manages currency. How can this be justified?
The national sovereignty declared by the Article 1 of the Korean Constitution is a public good, and monetary sovereignty should be guaranteed for money as well, that is, monetary sovereignty. And then, the citizen can become true sovereigns. The current bank-centered monetary system, which allows private banks to almost monopolize the seigniorage, in other words, the currency issuance revenue, should be transformed into a citizen-centered monetary system so that each citizen can enjoy the profits. It is not simply national sovereignty to elect political representatives such as presidents and lawmakers from time to time, but national sovereignty in name and reality is realized only when the money issuance revenue is equally attributed to each citizen.
From this point of view, it can be suspected that there is a fundamental problem with the current currency issuance system. If you think that the current bank-centered monetary system has originally done so and that there is no other alternative, it may seem natural. However, if there is a better alternative than the current bank-centered currency issuance system, the current situation may be different.
목차
국문초록
Ⅰ. 들어가면서 — 화폐발행수익(seigniorage)은 누구에게 귀속되어야 하는가?
Ⅱ. 시뇨리지(seigniorage)의 기원과 그 본질
Ⅲ. 화폐발행제도의 유형
Ⅳ. 은행중심적 화폐발행제도의 문제점
Ⅴ. 우리나라의 화폐제도와 국민주권
Ⅵ. 국민주권에 부합하는 화폐제도의 구상
Ⅶ. 결어: 화폐발행수익이 국민에게 직접 배당되어야 진정한 국민 주권이 실현된다!
참고문헌
Abstract
참고문헌 (55)
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Silvio Gesell / 2021 / 자연스러운 경제질서 / 퍼플
강희원 / 2018 / 악마(惡魔)의 「정의(正義)」: 「정의」로 빙의(憑依)한 「돈」 / 법철학연구 21(2):333~382
강희원 / 2016 / <소비사회>와 노동의 「죽음(?)」 - 새로운 노동법의 구상을 위한 서장 - / 노동법학 (60):1~58
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Silvio Gesell / 2021 / 자연스러운 경제질서 / 퍼플
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