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This paper focuses on the well-known enigmatic but key expression “I prefer not to,” which Bartleby repeatedly uses in Herman Melville’s short story, “Bartleby, the Scrivener: A Story of Wall Street.” The expression has been interpreted as resistance, but against what Bartleby is resisting has long been discussed without producing a consensus. Recently, Bartleby became the central figure of the Occupy Wall Street Movement. The movement views Bartleby as the symbol of hatred of capitalism. Using organizational theories, however, this paper tries to prove that Bartleby is mainly resisting the organizational system that was becoming the main feature of American business starting in the mid-nineteenth century. Four essential elements of organization―clearly defined (organizational) goals, members, a structured system hierarchy, and communication―are used to analyze the circumstances in which Bartleby uses the expression. This analysis will indicate that he (or Melville) is resisting the growth of business organization in the nineteenth century America. It suggests that Bartleby may be the embodiment of the narrator’s nostalgia for the by-gone period in which independent artisans enjoyed freedom in their workplace.
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참고문헌 (16)
참고문헌 신청
Bryant, Keith L. / 1990 / A History of American Business. 2nd ed / Prentice Hall
Chandler, Alfred D., Jr. / 1990 / Scale and Scope: The Dynamics of Industrial Capitalism / Belknap Press of Harvard UP
Chandler, Alfred D., Jr. / 1977 / The Visible Hand: The Managerial Revolution in American Business / Belknap Press of Harvard UP
Cowan, Ruth Schwartz / 1997 / A Social History of American Technology / Oxford UP
Foley, Barbara / 2000 / From Wall Street to Astor Place: Historicizing Melville’s ‘Bartleby’ / American Literature 72(1):87~116
Chandler, Alfred D., Jr. / 1990 / Scale and Scope: The Dynamics of Industrial Capitalism / Belknap Press of Harvard UP
Chandler, Alfred D., Jr. / 1977 / The Visible Hand: The Managerial Revolution in American Business / Belknap Press of Harvard UP
Cowan, Ruth Schwartz / 1997 / A Social History of American Technology / Oxford UP
Foley, Barbara / 2000 / From Wall Street to Astor Place: Historicizing Melville’s ‘Bartleby’ / American Literature 72(1):87~116
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