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논문 기본 정보
- 자료유형
- 학술저널
- 저자정보
- 저널정보
- 동양사학회 동양사학연구 東洋史學硏究 第153輯
- 발행연도
- 2020.12
- 수록면
- 465 - 515 (51page)
- DOI
- 10.17856/jahs.2020.12.153.465
이용수
초록· 키워드
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In early 1950s, party-state of People’s Republic of China completely dominate non-governmental organizations. Korean War and Suppressing counter revolutionaries Campaign became the opportunity for party-state to dissolve and reestablish traditional non governmental organizations in city. The private sector to be responsible for charity and welfare of city surrendered to the government, giving up all the properties and authorities. Leadership of the organizations, usually authorities of ancien-regime, was purged to resign by party-state.
The rectification of non-governmental organization and its leaders proceeded more gradually in neighborhood of Shanghai than it did at national level. Baojia leader, the traditional authorities in Shanghai neighborhood, still had the leadership position in residential organizations after liberation at 1949 under the temporary approval of party-state to sustain public order and welfare of grassroots. Party-state at Shanghai encouraged activist(積極分子) to establish ‘new organization’(新組織), which can replace the authority and function of traditional organizations(舊組織). But new organization could not substituted the role of traditional organization in neighborhood. Activists who was not trained enough as leadership of new organization. were isolated by residents. And old authorities(威望人士) with ability and reputation infiltrated into new organization.
Instead of encouraging residents to establish their ‘new’ organizations, Shanghai municipal government itself tried to organize citizen. But these government-led organizations was not quite effective in guaranteeing public welfare. So in 1952, residents’ committee was established as standardized model for residential organization which provide comprehensive welfare to the neighborhood community. Although establishment of residents’ committee is through democratic election on conference of resident’s representative(居民代表會議), most of the committee was composed by inviting the authorities of neighborhood.. Administrative bureau of Shanghai municipal government(民政局) admitted this since the activist and residents was not ready for democratic operation of the residents’ committee.
As above, the rectification of old authorities and residential organization was carried out gradually in early 1950s. It is contrasted with national atmosphere in which party-state radically eliminated the heritage of ancien regime assumed the control on Chinese society during the same period. This resulted from the social role of old organizations and lower political priority of street and neighborhood than unit(單位) given by party-state. It reflects that the politics and state-society relationship at micro level is different with that at the macro level.
The rectification of non-governmental organization and its leaders proceeded more gradually in neighborhood of Shanghai than it did at national level. Baojia leader, the traditional authorities in Shanghai neighborhood, still had the leadership position in residential organizations after liberation at 1949 under the temporary approval of party-state to sustain public order and welfare of grassroots. Party-state at Shanghai encouraged activist(積極分子) to establish ‘new organization’(新組織), which can replace the authority and function of traditional organizations(舊組織). But new organization could not substituted the role of traditional organization in neighborhood. Activists who was not trained enough as leadership of new organization. were isolated by residents. And old authorities(威望人士) with ability and reputation infiltrated into new organization.
Instead of encouraging residents to establish their ‘new’ organizations, Shanghai municipal government itself tried to organize citizen. But these government-led organizations was not quite effective in guaranteeing public welfare. So in 1952, residents’ committee was established as standardized model for residential organization which provide comprehensive welfare to the neighborhood community. Although establishment of residents’ committee is through democratic election on conference of resident’s representative(居民代表會議), most of the committee was composed by inviting the authorities of neighborhood.. Administrative bureau of Shanghai municipal government(民政局) admitted this since the activist and residents was not ready for democratic operation of the residents’ committee.
As above, the rectification of old authorities and residential organization was carried out gradually in early 1950s. It is contrasted with national atmosphere in which party-state radically eliminated the heritage of ancien regime assumed the control on Chinese society during the same period. This resulted from the social role of old organizations and lower political priority of street and neighborhood than unit(單位) given by party-state. It reflects that the politics and state-society relationship at micro level is different with that at the macro level.
목차
Ⅰ. 서론
Ⅱ. 上海市 非政府組織을 향한 黨-國家의 억제와 재편
Ⅲ. 건국 직후 上海市 基層의 居民組織과 留用
Ⅳ. 舊組織 해체 시도와 大衆運動 : 居民組織 재편 준비와 그 한계
Ⅴ. 주민 조직의 표준으로서 居民委員會 성립과 유력자[威望人士]의 잔존
Ⅵ. 결론
참고문헌
Abstract
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