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Ritual, Body and Self : Focusing on Self-Cultivation in Xunzi
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의례, 몸, 자아 -- 순자(荀子) 의 수신(修身)을 중심으로

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Type
Academic journal
Author
Journal
대동철학회 대동철학 대동철학 제86권 KCI Accredited Journals
Published
2019.1
Pages
177 - 200 (24page)

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Ritual, Body and Self : Focusing on Self-Cultivation in Xunzi
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Modern concept of self has been criticized because it presupposes an objective self. Therefore, a new idea of the self is suggested, that is, “self-in-process.” We do not have the constant substance, but are changed by historical contingency. We are transformed by our own actions, and are revealed by our experience. That is, we are the being to be changed by our experience. In the ideas of the self-in-process, the concept of body is one of the major elements. Our body does not simply refer to our brain and flesh, but means our physical and mental status including our thoughts, feelings, and desires. This essay aims to study an eastern idea of the self-cultivation on the basis of the somatic self. In this essay, I would like to research three issues. Frist, why does Xunzi focus on the body as the center of ritual? Second, how do humans create and express their selves by means of their body? Third, how do our selves become better? According to Xunzi, human body can express a more inner qualities than language. Human body is a more basic and direct symbol than any other communication tools. This is the reason why Xunzi focused on human body as the center of rituals. In addition, we can create our selves by learning the rituals. In particular, we can express and create our selves by the mechanism of respect and demeanor. Also, Xunzi claimed that our selves can grow by following a model, analyzing from similar cases, and realizing uniformity. In other words, human beings can create our selves by their own means of communication with others, and can be humans by moving forward from individuality and similarity to oneness at the same time.

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