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ObjectiveIn this study, we evaluated the prevalence of allergic disease in offsprings delivered via the delivery modes of vaginaldelivery vs. planned Cesarean section vs. Cesarean section with labor. MethodsThis study included 175 mother-neonate pairs from Severance Hospital who were enrolled in the Cohort for ChildhoodOrigin of Asthma and allergic diseases study. Information regarding prenatal environmental factors, delivery, anddiagnosis of allergic diseases was obtained from a questionnaire and medical record review. Patients with at least 3years of follow-up data were included in this study. Results were adjusted for sex, birth weight, gestational age atbirth, season of birth, neonatal intensive care unit admission, parity, breastfeeding, and maternal factors. ResultsA total of 175 offsprings were eligible for analysis. Among the subjects, 52.0% were delivered by vaginal delivery,34.3% by planned Cesarean section, and 16.6% by Cesarean section with labor. Fifty-nine offsprings (33.7%) werediagnosed with allergic disease at a median age of 1 year (range 0.5–3 years). The prevalence of allergic disease wasnot associated with delivery mode after adjusting for confounding variables. Time period from membrane ruptureto delivery, duration of the active phase, and the beginning of the pelvic division prior to Cesarean section were notassociated with allergic disease development in offsprings. ConclusionCesarean section, irrespective of the occurrence of labor before surgery, did not increase the prevalence of allergicdisease in infants up to 3 years of age.

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