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ObjectiveThe present study aimed to determine the differences in outcomes between natural orifice transluminal endoscopicsurgery-assisted vaginal hysterectomy (NAVH) and conventional laparoscopy-assisted vaginal hysterectomy (LAVH). MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the charts of patients who between July 2012 and September 2015, were diagnosed ashaving benign uterine disease such as uterine myoma, endometriosis, or adenomyosis and managed via NAVH orLAVH in a single-center (Eulji University Hospital). Data such as age, body weight, height, parity, operation time, intra/post-operative complications, and uterus weight were obtained from the clinical charts. NAVH and LAVH recipientswere matched 1:3 in terms of baseline characteristics, and the 2 groups were compared regarding surgical outcomes. ResultsOf the 160 patients with benign uterine disease included in the present study. Forty received NAVH and remaining120 received LAVH. There were significant differences between the groups regarding operation time and hemoglobinchange. Notably, although the operation time was shorter for LAVH, hemoglobin change was lower for NAVH. Additionally, although maximum hospitalization duration was shorter for LAVH, the average length of hospitalizationwas similar between NAVH and LAVH. There were no significant differences between the groups in terms of othervariables. ConclusionNAVH may become a new alternative surgical method of choice for hysterectomy, as it represents a clinically feasibleand safe approach; moreover is superior to LAVH in terms of bleeding loss.

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