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ObjectiveThis study was conducted to determine the effectiveness and safety of medical treatment with sublingual misoprostol(MS) in the 1st trimester miscarriage under the approval by Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRA)for off-label usage by the single medical center in Korea. MethodsA retrospective cohort study was performed in one institution between April 2013 and June 2016. Ninety-onepatients diagnosed with miscarriage before 14 weeks of gestation and wanted to try medical treatment wereincluded. A detailed ultrasound scan was performed to confirm the diagnosis. Patients took 600 microgram (mcg)of MS sublingually at initial dose, and repeated the same dose 4–6 hours apart. Successful medical abortion wasdefined as spontaneous expulsion of gestational products (including gestational sac, embryo, fetus, and placenta). If gestational products were not expelled, surgical evacuation was performed at least 24 hours later from the initialdose. Information about side effects was obtained by medical records. ResultsAbout two-thirds of patients had a successful outcome. The median interval time from pill to expulsion was 18 hoursin the successful medical treatment group. There was no serious systemic side effect or massive vaginal bleeding. Presence or absence of vaginal spotting before diagnosis of miscarriage, uterine leiomyomas, subchorionic hematoma,or distorted shape of gestational sac on ultrasound scan were not statistically different between the two groups. ConclusionMedical treatment with sublingual MS can be a properoption for the 1st trimester miscarriage, especially for thepatient who want to avoid surgical procedure. We canreduce the unnecessary sedation or surgical interventionin the patients with the 1st trimester miscarriage.

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